While federal legislators have given universities increased freedom to protect new inventions created at their institutions through the BayhDole Act, the judicial branch has restricted universities’ use of patented inventions to produce additional innovations. This paper discusses the problems resulting from the decision in Madey v. Duke University, which reduced the breadth and applicability o...

image or artistic picture represents an imaginative process that give artistic meaning to speech. this is a process that uncovers hidden meaning and conveys the mental concepts of the writer to the audience and makes his intended meanings much deeper. the reflections of the use of this literary device in classical arabic works and the high frequency of their use in the holy quran and in nahjul-...

A common assertion in the defense literature is that an unstable budget baseline contributes to cost overruns on defense acquisition contracts. Using cost performance data from over 400 defense acquisition contracts, we tested this assertion. The stability of the baseline was characterized by the number of significant changes to the budget, and by a statistical measure of the baseline's variabi...

Large-scale defense system projects are strategic for maintaining and increasing the national defense capability. Therefore, governments spend billions of dollars in the acquisition and development of large-scale defense systems. The scale of defense systems is always increasing and the costs to build them are skyrocketing. Today, defense systems are software intensive and they are either a sys...