The relative contributions of the ipsilateral and contralateral cerebellar cortex and deep nuclei to delay eyeblink conditioning have been debated and are difficult to survey entirely using typical electrophysiological and lesion techniques. To address these issues, we used single-event functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in the conscious rabbit to visualize the entire cerebellum simul...

Classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane-eye blink response of rabbits is a simple form of associative motor learning. Lesion studies have shown that performance of learned responses is dependent on the cerebellum, but they have not shown whether there is storage of memories within the cerebellum or distinguished the roles of the cerebellar cortex and nuclei. Reversible inactivations ...

BACKGROUND It is well known that hepatic hemodynamics is an important physiologic mechanism in the regulation of cardiac output (CO). It has been reported that maternal cardiac output relates to neonatal weight at birth. AIMS In this study, we assessed the correlation between maternal hepatic vein Doppler flow parameters, cardiac output and neonatal birth weight. METHODS Healthy women with ...

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis has found an important niche in forensic DNA typing. It is used with highly degraded samples or low-copy number materials such as might be found from shed hair or bones exposed to severe environmental conditions. The primary advantage of mtDNA is that it is present in high copy number within cells and therefore more likely to be recovered from highly degraded ...

We evaluated the regional pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin after hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) and portal venous infusion (PVI) using a novel system for hepatic venous isolation and charcoal hemoperfusion (HVI-CHP). The HVI-CHP system was used to determine directly the doxorubicin plasma concentration in the hepatic vein and the hepatic venous flow rate, and simultaneously, to eliminate hepati...

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis has found an important niche in forensic DNA typing. It is used with highly degraded samples or low-copy number materials such as might be found from shed hair or bones exposed to severe environmental conditions. The primary advantage of mtDNA is that it is present in high copy number within cells and therefore more likely to be recovered from highly degraded ...

Introduction of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) to medical practice has brought a huge change in diagnostic algorithm of many gastrointestinal diseases. Addition of EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) upgraded diagnostic power of EUS. In this focused review series, value of EUS-FNA in the diagnosis of various diseases and tips for getting the best results with EUS-FNA are described by four invi...

OBJECTIVES To examine trends in detection and survival of hollow viscus gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) across time and geographic regions of the U.S. METHODS We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database to investigate 19,669 individuals with newly diagnosed gastrointestinal NETs. Trends in incidence were tested using Poisson regression. Cox proportiona...

Argon plasma coagulation (APC) is a safe and effective technique that is widely used for the treatment of gastrointestinal vascular lesions. It is considered the technique of choice for the management of these lesions. Rendu–Osler–Weber disease is a condition characterized by the appearance of arteriovenous malformations of the skin, mucous membranes and various organs, typically presenting gas...