Optical measurements provide a convenient way to determine plasma properties such as particle densities and temperatures. Since optical measurements are usually conducted externally, they give only little information about the spatial distribution of the plasma. This is especially egregious when dealing with micro discharges. Firstly, micro discharges usually show a spatial non-uniformity, and ...

Microfluidic dye lasers (MDL) have recently emerged as promising candidates to facilitate the fusion of optics and fluidics at the microscale. Their primary advantage over gas or solid state lasers is the inherent wavelength tunabililty which can be achieved by changing the type of dye used, the dye concentration, or the host solution. Here, we report on the design and characterization of a MDL...

This review aims to provide an overview of homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction (HLLE) and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) methods and their potential use in inorganic analysis. Relevant applications to the determination of metal ions, metalloids and organometals are included. The phase separation mechanisms of these unconventional solvent extraction techniques are discussed. T...

in this paper, the possibility of using a new ordered nanoporous carbon as a new fiber in headspace solid phase microextraction (hs-spme) to determine of mononitrotoluenes (mnts) in waste water is demonstrated. the structural order and textural properties of the ordered nanoporous carbon were studied by x ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem) images and nitrogen adsorption i...