I am attracted to ontological pluralism, the doctrine that some things exist in a different way than other things.1 For the ontological pluralist, there is more to learn about an object’s existential status than merely whether it is or is not: there is still the question of how that entity exists. By contrast, according to the ontological monist, either something is or it isn’t, and that’s all ...

A well known result of Fraenkel and Simpson states that the number of distinct squares in a word of length n is bounded by 2n since at each position there are at most two distinct squares whose last occurrence start. In this paper, we investigate the problem of counting distinct squares in partial words, or sequences over a finite alphabet that may have some “do not know” symbols or “holes” (a ...

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) induces climate anomalies around the globe. Atmospheric general circulation model simulations are used to investigate how ENSO-induced teleconnection patterns during boreal winter might change in response to global warming in the Pacific–North American sector. As models disagree on changes in the amplitude and spatial pattern of ENSO in response to global war...

Climatic variations on bidecadal (about 20 years) and pentadecadal (50–70 years) timescales are analyzed in terms of their seasonal and regional dependencies in the North Pacific and North American sector. The both bidecadal and pentadecadal variations are evident in SLP fields associated with the strength changes of the Aleutian low. The bidecadal variability is evident only in winter both in ...

Daily fields obtained from a 17-yr atmospheric GCM simulation are used to study the surface sensible and latent heat flux variability and its relationship to the sea level pressure (SLP) field. The fluxes are analyzed over the North Pacific and Atlantic Oceans during winter. The leading mode of interannual SLP variability consists of a single center associated with the Aleutian low in the Pacif...

Goat warble-fly infestation is caused by przhevalskiana silenus (Diptra Oestridae) larvae and it is characterized by the presence of warble under the hide of the back and flanks of the animal. This study was carried out from March 2009 to March 2010 on the hides sent to the khorasn leather industries for grading, processing and tanning. This study demonstrated from 340,797 goat hides e...

The presence of pigment granules in the anterior vitreous, in the absence of previous ocular surgery, is almost pathognomonic of a retinal break (Shafer, I 965). To investigate the accuracy of this observation, a consecutive series of patients with retinal holes were examined. Method All patients presenting to us over an i8-month period at Moorfields Eye Hospital with rhegmatogenous retinal det...

The possibility that "dead regions" or "spectral holes" can account for some differences in performance between bilateral cochlear implant (CI) users and normal-hearing listeners was explored. Using a 20-band noise-excited vocoder to simulate CI processing, this study examined effects of spectral holes on speech reception thresholds (SRTs) and spatial release from masking (SRM) in difficult lis...

Four catheters (Ash Split Cath, Tesio, Duo-Split, and Duo--Flow; Medcomp, Harleysville, PA, U.S.A.) were tested in a temperature-controlled in vitro setup filled with 50% aqueous glycerin solution to determine hydraulic resistance at different flow rates. All these catheters have side holes; hydraulic resistance was determined with these holes open and closed. Due to extra pressure losses near ...

(eds.) ReefBase: A global database oncoral reefs and their resources. ICLARM,Manila.