This article analyses the ways in which the state 'treats' addiction among precarious drug (ab)users in Iran. While most Muslim-majority as well as some Western states have been reluctant to adopt harm reduction measures, the Islamic Republic of Iran has done so on a nationwide scale and through a sophisticated system of welfare intervention. Additionally, it has introduced devices of managemen...

Since the ancient times Iran has always played a significant role in the Transportation Industry due to its strategic position in the silk road that connected Asia to Europe and Middle East to .Ancient Iranians are believed to be the pioneers of land transportation in the world and transportation has always been considered as one of the most ancient and historical Industries in Iran . Nowadays ...

during different historic periods, land of iran has been invaded by alien tribes and iranian written works such as religious, scientific and historic books have been subjected to detruction and demolition for several times. many historical evidences have referred to background of this issue and at the same time they testified that iranian cultural written hertage has been subjected to recovery ...

This paper introduces the idea of a non-kinship-based Universal-family firm, an organizational form we developed based on interpreting historical writings in their socio-economic context. We analyzed Luke’s gospel with an eye toward drawing implications for the stewardship-agency debate in the contemporary family business literature. Our paper makes contributions at two important levels. In add...

For quantitative determination of lignin, we have invasive (gravimetric determination i. e. ASTM, TAPPI, SCAN) and non-invasive methods on our disposal. Invasive methods are not suitable for historical documents. On the other hand, several spectroscopic techniques are in use, based on IR and UV spectroscopy. The absorption of light of λ > 300 310 nm by pure cellulose is minimal and most UVspect...

in this article, regarding threefold nature of iranian culture (iranian, islamic, western) and using descriptive- analytic method, it is investigated about ideas of  shariati, soroush amd rajai on iranian culture to use in fusional approach. shariati emphasized on recognizing awareness of islam with passion and action, the efficiency conscious from west instead of blind imitation, knowing tradi...

Significant sociopolitical changes in recent decades have not only influenced the nursing profession, but also the entire Iranian healthcare system. This study describes the historical evolution of the nursing profession within a sociopolitical context. This historical review of unpublished and published literature endorsed personal accounts of historic events by 14 of the oldest nurses in Iran...