access to primary sources is necessary for studying the history of islamic civilization and sciences. many of these sources have gone missing over time and no manuscript of them has remained. in some cases, we can reconstruct these works by pursuing the old excerpts of them more recent works. this study aims at methodological reconstruction of the kitab al-mazar by sa‘d bin ‘abdullah al-ash‘ari...

all that we know about the life and times of al-sijzī, the 10th century iranian muslim mathematician and astronomer, is limited to the small pieces of information provided by other authors’ accounts and some of his own works. on the basis of al-sijzī’s mathematical works and the extant maunscripts written in his hand, some modern scholars have estimated his date of birth in about 942 ad. numero...

yusuf ibn mohammad ibn yusuf heravi, commonly known as “hakim yosefi” and “molana ibn yusuf”, son of mohammad yosefi, was a 10th century ah physician. it seems he was a native from khaf, khorasan which studied in mā varā al-nahr and leaved in harat. since of he fear of sorkh kolahan, he moved to india with his father. his works are important from that he poetry to facilitate medicine subjects. ...

andré chénier (1762-1794) is the greatest and the best known french poet of the 18th century. he is famous especially for his courageous opposition to the power of the terror in the early years of the french revolution which caused finally his death by guillotine. the study of his poetical works can clarify the literary transition between neoclassicism and romanticism. this paper, by describing...