Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) greatly reduces the risk of developing tuberculosis for HIV-infected persons. Nonetheless, HIV-associated tuberculosis continues to occur in countries where HAART is widely used. To identify the characteristics of HIV-infected persons who develop tuberculosis in the context of the availability of HAART, the current authors analysed data taken from 27...

OBJECTIVE To estimate incidence and predictors of serious or life-threatening events that are not AIDS defining, AIDS events, and death among patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the setting of 5 large multicenter randomized treatment trials conducted in the United States. METHODS Data were analyzed from 2,947 patients enrolled from December 1996 through Decem...

BACKGROUND The Study of Aldesleukin with and without antiretroviral therapy (STALWART) evaluated whether intermittent interleukin-2 (IL-2) alone or with antiretroviral therapy (ART) around IL-2 cycles increased CD4(+) counts compared to no therapy. METHODOLOGY Participants not on continuous ART with > or = 300 CD4(+) cells/mm(3) were randomized to: no treatment; IL-2 for 5 consecutive days ev...

Background An insuffi cient number of health personnel and excessive workload have been common barriers for the provision of adequate HIV care in Thailand. HIV patients are often discouraged when they experience medication side effects as they commence highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Peer educators present a potential solution to this problem. This report focuses on patient satisf...

The overlapping epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis (TB) and the catastrophic consequences of the interactions between the two epidemics have led to increased morbidity and mortality due to HIV-associated TB. While effective therapy is available for both conditions, there are major challenges in the concurrent treatment of HIV and TB co-infection. This ...

SETTING Gaborone, Botswana. OBJECTIVE To determine if starting anti-tuberculosis treatment at clinics in Gaborone without co-located human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinics would delay time to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation and be associated with lower survival compared to starting anti-tuberculosis treatment at clinics with on-site HIV clinics. DESIGN Retrospect...

The role of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) during virus rebound in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy is poorly understood. Three patients in this study had NAbs to preexisting autologous HIV-1 and an episode of virus rebound after a prolonged period of virus suppression. To investigate the influence of NAbs on virus evo...

RESEARCH ARTICLE Regimen Switching After Initial Haart By Race in a Military Cohort Christina Schofield, Xun Wang, Patrick Monahan, Xiuping Chu, Margaret Glancey, Anuradha Ganesan, Jason F. Okulicz and Brian K. Agan Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA Madigan Army M...

This paper reports on the willingness of HIV/AIDS patients to pay for the most affordable triple therapy combination of antiretrovirals in a local setting in Cameroon. Questionnaires were used to evaluate willingness to pay, and patients who could still afford their medication 6 months after the survey were also investigated, to give an indication of actual ability to pay. In addition, oral int...