We present an overview of high-energy transients in astrophysics, highlighting important advances over the past 50 years. We begin with early discoveries of γ-ray transients, and then delve into physical details associated with a variety of phenomena. We discuss some of the unexpected transients found by Fermi and Swift, many of which are not easily classifiable or in some way challenge convent...

These lectures stress the theoretical elements that underlie a wide range of phenomenological studies of high-energy QCD, which include both soft and hard processes. After a brief introduction to the basics of QCD, various aspects of QCD-based phenomenology are covered: colour transparency, hadronization of colour charges, Regge phenomenology, parton model, Bjorken scaling and its violation, DG...

Using the laser backscattering method at future linear colliders one can obtain γγ and γe colliding beams (photon colliders) with energy and luminosity comparable to that in ee collisions. This option has been included in the pre-conceptual designs of linear colliders and in work on a Technical Design Report which is in progress. The physics motivation for photon colliders is quite clear. The p...

Since early this century it has been known that a steady stream of charged nuclei, and to a lesser extent electrons and photons, reaches the Earth. The origin of the cosmic radiation, however, has not be explained satisfactorily. Finding an answer to this apparently simple question is complicated by the fact that extensive knowledge of several physical disciplines is required for an appropriate...

This article reviews the present status of high energy γ-ray astronomy at energies above 30 MeV. Observations in the past decade using both spaceand ground-based experiments have been primarily responsible for giving a tremendous boost to our knowledge of the high energy Universe. High energy γ-rays have been detected from a wide range of Galactic and extragalactic astrophysical sources, such a...

Antioxidants are compounds which can prevent biological and chemical substances from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species. Flavonoids are the most important class of polyphenolic compounds that because of their antioxidant characters possess biological activities and pharmacological effects. Chrysin-6-C-fucopyranoside and chrysin-3-malonyl-6-C-fucopyranoside are mono C-glycosyl derivativ...

Computing is one of the technologies associated to High Energy Physics (HEP). The needs of the next generation CERN HEP experiments push the development of new computing architectures. The scale of data will be orders of magnitude larger than the one we currently have. In this talk we will present the current status of GRID computing development.

The observation of neutrinos is an experimental challenge due to their weak interactions that makes them elusive particles. Though they are difficult to detect, they are excellent probes to observe the most distant sources and their interior. Until now only MeV extra-terrestrial neutrinos have been observed from the Sun and SN1987A. Nevertheless there is growing activity to build detectors for ...

Highlights of the results from ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at CERN-SPS are reviewed. In particular, I discuss how the experimental results indicate that a collective strongly interacting system has been produced, and what are the implications towards the Quark Gluon Plasma. The physical ideas behind measuring certain observables are introduced. The future program of high energy nucle...

This paper presents a review of the history, motivation and current status of high energy neutrino telescopes. Many years after these detectors were first conceived, the operation of kilometer-cubed scale detectors is finally on the horizon at both the South Pole and in the Mediterranean Sea. These new detectors will perhaps provide us the first view of high energy astrophysical objects with a ...