Abstract AC303,630 (chlorfenapyr), a member of a new class of compound known as the pyrroles, is a broad spectrum insecticide/acaricide on many economically importance crops. AC303,630 is highly active by ingestion, posesses contact activity and provides moderate residual activity on plants. Extensive field study in many Asian countries has shown AC303,630 to be highly effective on many economi...

The antagonistic properties of a few linear and backbone cyclic (BBC) conformationally constraint peptide libraries and their analogs, were tested for the ability to inhibit pyrokinin/pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PK/PBAN) mediated functions: sex pheromone biosynthesis in Heliothis peltigera female moths, cuticular melanization in Spodoptera littoralis larvae, pupariation in t...

Bollgard cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) containing the CryIAc endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner became commercially available to cotton producers in 1996. Bollgard cultivars since that time have provided excellent control of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens F., for growers in Arkansas. Control of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and other lepidopterous pests has been less ...

Insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are widely used to control pest insects, but evolution of resistance threatens their continued efficacy. The most common type of Bt resistance ('Mode 1') is characterized by recessive inheritance, > 500-fold resistance to at least one Cry1A toxin, negligible cross-resistance to Cry1C, and reduced binding of Bt toxins to midgut membrane target...

We report the engineering of the surface of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) virion with a mosquito decapeptide hormone, trypsin-modulating oostatic factor (TMOF). The TMV coat protein (CP) was fused to TMOF at the C terminus by using a read-through, leaky stop codon that facilitated expression of CP and chimeric CP-TMOF (20:1 ratio) that were coassembled into virus particles in infected Nicotian...

Promoter activity of the Campoletis sonorensis polydnavirus (CsPDV) WHv1.6 gene was analysed by transient transfection assays in insect cell culture using constructs expressing the CAT gene. Deletions of the WHv1.6 gene promoter were used to define promoter regions important for expression. Progressive deletion of the regions upstream of the TATA box reduced the promoter activity, whereas delet...

The presence of the pyrokinin (PK)/ Pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN) receptor in pheromone gland cells of Heliothis peltigera females was demonstrated, and its spatial distribution in the ovipositor was visualized with two photo-affinity biotinilated ligands: BpaPBAN1-33NH(2) and BpaArg(27)-PBAN28-33NH(2). Light microscopy histological studies revealed that the gland is con...

The black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a serious localized pest of vegetable and field crops. We have characterized a newly discovered baculovirus, the Agrotis ipsilon multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgipMNPV), that was isolated from A. ipsilon in Illinois. Restriction enzyme fragment profiles of AgipMNPV DNA were distinct from those of previously described...

In moth sex pheromone olfaction systems, there is a stereotypical co-compartmentalization of two or sometimes three olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) within single trichoid sensilla on which pheromone-sensitive odorant receptors (ORs) are differentially expressed. In this issue of Chemical Senses, Krieger et al. show through elegant double and triple in situ hybridization studies that in the mo...