PURPOSE To determine prevalence of heel strike in a midsize city marathon, if there is an association between foot-strike classification and race performance, and if there is an association between foot-strike classification and gender. METHODS Foot-strike classification (forefoot, midfoot, heel, or split strike), gender, and rank (position in race) were recorded at the 8.1-km mark for 2112 r...

BACKGROUND Posterior Heel pain can present in children of 8 to 14 years, associated with or clinically diagnosed as Sever's disease, or calcaneal apophysitis. Presently, there are no comparative randomised studies evaluating treatment options for posterior heel pain in children with the clinical diagnosis of calcaneal apophysitis or Sever's disease. This study seeks to compare the clinical effi...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of increased heel height and gait velocity on balance control and knee joint position sense. [Subjects and Methods] Forty healthy adults were randomly allocated to 4 groups: low-heel, low-speed group (3 cm, 2 km/h), low-heel, high-speed group (3 cm, 4 km/h), high-heel, low-speed group (9 cm, 2 km/h), high-heel, and high-speed group (9 c...

We compared the mechanical properties of normal and reconstructed heel pads in seven patients. Four had latissimus dorsi flaps and one each an anterior thigh flap, a local dorsalis pedis flap and a sural arterial flap. The thickness of the heel pad was measured under serial incremental loads of 0.5 kg to a maximum of 3 kg and then relaxed sequentially. The load-displacement curve of the heel pa...

This nonrandomized prospective descriptive study compared outcomes of three isolated heel cord surgeries in children with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy (CP): (1) heel cord advancement (HCA), (2) heel cord lengthening according to Vulpius (HCL-V), and (3) heel cord lengthening according to White (HCL-W). Thirty-two children were tested prior to and approximately 1 year after undergoing one of ...

AIM To investigate whether it would be safe to extend the currently recommended area of sampling to the whole heel in neonates. METHODS Eighty newborn infants were studied, weight range 0.56 to 4.34 kg, gestation 24 to 42 weeks. Ultrasound scanning was used to measure the shortest distance between the skin and the perichondrium of the calcaneum. RESULTS The shortest depth of perichondrium w...

On 15 August 2022, Lance Taylor, the towering structuralist macroeconomist and a thinker of uncommon breadth, sadly passed away. His work, spanning almost six decades, stands out for its originality, creativity, (policy) relevance theoretical rigour as well fearless commitment to speak truth power in academic policy-making circles. This essay reviews Taylor's progression from an early developme...

OBJECTIVES To describe developmentally appropriate, specific body movements and other biobehavioral responses of preterm infants to a group of routine care giving tasks (Clustered Care), and to compare responses to acute pain with those of Clustered Care. METHODS In a randomized design, 54 preterm infants were assessed at 32 weeks gestational age during 3 phases of blood collection (Baseline,...