Atmospheric surface layer (ASL) experiments over the past 10 years demonstrate that the flux-variance similarity functions for water vapour are consistently larger in magnitude than their temperature counterpart. In addition, latent heat flux calculations using the flux-variance method do not compare as favorably to eddy-correlation measurements when compared to their sensible heat counterpart....

As part of the ongoing research on finned L-shape heat pipes for electronic cooling, the present work focuses on the optimization of the thickness and permeability of wick structure of L-shape heat pipe, using different working fluids. DOptimal Designs Software is used to obtain the optimal solution to align the competing parameters such as the working fluid properties, thickness of the wick an...

The second law of thermodynamics governs the direction of heat transport, which provides the foundational definition of thermodynamic Clausius entropy. The definitions of entropy are further generalized for the phenomenological heat transport models in the frameworks of classical irreversible thermodynamics and extended irreversible thermodynamics (EIT). In this work, entropic functions from ma...