background: urinary tract infections (utis) are one of the most important bacterial infections among children throughout the world. the study aimed to estimate the cost of hospitalization associated with pediatric utis in kermanshah province for the years of 2013 and 2014. methods and materials: this was a cross sectional and descriptive study. the study subjects included all those aged 20 year...

This paper outlines activities of the Heartfile Program in Pakistan (http://heartfile.org). The program focuses on cardiovascular disease prevention and health promotion, and includes several initiatives that encompass building policy, reorienting health services, and developing community interventions that utilize the print and electronic media and outreach at the grass-root level to incorpora...

Tanzania has undertaken important health sector reforms in the new millennium, and most recent Health Sector Strategic Plan (2021–26) lays out ambitious targets to achieve universal coverage. Yet, women continue face significant barriers accessing healthcare country is grappling with gender-biased challenges disadvantaging women. The aims of this paper are two-fold. First, we examine evolution ...

The Angolan State has been looking for a way to strengthen the health sector with balanced workforce which nursing is cornerstone. This study reviews evolution of education in Angola, order better understand contribution educational development. Integrative review unpublished and published documents literature on Angola. qualitatively analyzed discussed using policy triangle framework proposed ...

Background: urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most important bacterial infections among children throughout the world. The study aimed to estimate the cost of hospitalization associated with pediatric UTIs in Kermanshah province for the years of 2013 and 2014. Methods and materials: this was a cross sectional and descriptive study. The study subjects included all those aged 20 year...

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The health care system in Pakistan is beset with numerous problems--structural fragmentation, gender insensitivity, resource scarcity, inefficiency and lack of functional specificity and accessibility. Faced with a precarious economic situation characterized by heavy external debt and faltering productivity, Pakistan's room to maneuver with health sector reform is quite limited. Although the re...

Indian health system is characterized by a vast public health infrastructure which lies underutilized, and a largely unregulated private market which caters to greater need for curative treatment. High out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditures poses barrier to access for healthcare. Among those who get hospitalized, nearly 25% are pushed below poverty line by catastrophic impact of OOP healthcare...