Testing of hemoglobin A(1C) (HbA(1C)) levels has become widespread in the management of patients with diabetes mellitus. Since the 1980s, it has proven to be an invaluable tool correlating with a patient's average blood glucose levels as well as with their disease morbidity. Clinicians often base treatment decisions and make adjustments depending on a patient's HbA(1C) level. As useful as the H...

BACKGROUND Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that inadequate sleep can cause both obesity and impaired glucose tolerance. Short sleep duration in childhood appears to have a greater impact on the risk for adult obesity than adult sleep duration. The long-term effects of childhood sleep on glucose metabolism have not been investigated. The authors assessed the associations betwe...

Hemoglobin A 2 (HbA 2 ) was quantitated in blood from 212 healthy Pakistani adults with an age range of 16 to 60 years. HbA 2 level was observed in the range of 1.20 to 3.80% with mean ± SD as 2.67 ± 0.66% for both sexes. The mean level for males and females was 2.67 ± 0.66% and 2.66 ± 0.69% respectively. These values showed no significant difference (P > 0.1) among both sexes. The coefficient ...

The increase in haemoglobin (Hb)A(2) level is the most significant parameter in the identification of beta thalassaemia carriers. However, in some cases the level of HbA(2) is not typically elevated and some difficulties may arise in making the diagnosis. For these reasons the quantification of HbA(2) has to be performed with great accuracy and the results must be interpreted together with othe...

BACKGROUND The measurement of glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) has a pivotal role in monitoring glycemic state in diabetic patients. Furthermore, the American Diabetes Association has recently recommended the use of HbA(1c) for diabetes diagnosis, but a clear definition of the clinically allowable measurement error is still lacking. Information on biological variability of the analyte can be used ...

Oxidation of nitric oxide in aqueous solution to nitrite but not nitrate: comparison with enzymatically formed nitric oxide from L-arginine. A spectrophotometric assay for nitrate using NADPH oxidation by Aspergillus nitrate reductase. Measurement of nitrite and nitrate in biological fluids by gas chromatography mass spectrometry and by the Griess assay: problems with the Griess assay—solutions...

In this study, the positions only of linear antenna array (LAA) elements are optimized for first time in literature by using Honey Badger Algorithm (HBA) and Chameleon Swarm (CSA) methods, one new metaheuristic algorithms, design with desired radiation pattern. LAAs 10, 12, 24 32 considered simulations. While designing antenna, half-beam power width (HPBW) is kept at a minimum level maximum sid...

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent in minority populations in the United States. We studied the relationship of age to glycemic control in a predominantly urban African American population with type 2 diabetes. METHODS We selected all patients with type 2 diabetes who were enrolled in the Grady Diabetes Clinic, Atlanta, Ga, between April 1, 1991, and December 31, 1998, an...

OBJECTIVES To determine if point-of-care (POC) glycated haemoglobin (HbA₁c) is sufficiently accurate in real-world remote settings to predict or exclude the diagnosis of diabetes based on laboratory HbA1c measurements. DESIGN Cross-sectional study comparing POC capillary HbA₁c results with corresponding venous HbA₁c levels measured in a reference laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Aboriginal patients...

OBJECTIVE We performed a retrospective analysis of a national cohort of veterans with diabetes to better understand regional, geographic, and racial/ethnic variation in diabetes control as measured by HbA(1c). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a national cohort of 690,968 veterans with diabetes receiving prescriptions for insulin or oral hypoglycemic ag...