Treatment of delayed union, malunion, and nonunion is a challenge to the orthopaedic surgeons in veterinary and human fields. Apart from restoration of alignment and stable fixation, in many cases adjunctive measures such as bone-grafting or use of bone-graft substitutes are of paramount importance. Bone-graft materials usually have one or more components: an osteoconductive matrix, which acts ...

PURPOSE To compare the tunnel enlargement of double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with and without suturing of autologous ruptured tissue to hamstring graft in patients with subacute anterior cruciate ligament injury. METHODS Ten patients with subacute (≤3 months after injury) anterior cruciate ligament rupture were randomly allocated to undergo DB ACLR with sut...

Increased stability has been reported with both autografts and allografts for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, meta-analysis has shown significantly lower overall knee stability rates and more than double the abnormal stability rate with allografts. Some issues surrounding allograft sterilization (ie, risk of disease transmission) are unresolved, and cost is also a conc...

BACKGROUND This study assessed the safety of the newly developed bridge-enhanced anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair (BEAR), which involves suture repair of the ligament combined with a bioactive scaffold to bridge the gap between the torn ligament ends. As the intra-articular environment is complex in its response to implanted materials, this study was designed to determine whether there w...

BACKGROUND When to allow an athlete to return to unrestricted sporting activity after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction remains controversial. PURPOSE To report the results of functional performance testing reported in the literature for individuals at differing time points following ACL reconstruction and to examine differences between graft types. STUDY DESIGN Systematic rev...

BACKGROUND The palmaris longus tendon is frequently used as a tendon graft or ligament replacement. In rare instances the median nerve has been inadvertently harvested instead of the palmaris longus for use as a tendon. METHODS Nineteen cases in which the median nerve had been mistakenly harvested instead of the palmaris longus tendon were collected from members of the American Society for Su...

Saphenous vein graft thrombosis after coronary artery bypass graft surgery is a poorly understood problem that lessens the benefits of this procedure. Recent studies highlight the importance of injury sustained at the time of saphenous vein graft procurement in the pathogenesis of acute graft thrombosis. In particular, damage to the graft endothelium that occurs secondary to ex vivo pressure di...