A Mukaiyama aldol reaction can be catalyzed by bidentate halogen bond donors with very high efficiency. The halogenated catalysts were stable over multiple consecutive runs, which supports the halogen-bond-based mode of catalysis.

Although a number of gas-phase chemical mechanisms, such as CBM-IV, RADM2, and SAPRC have been successful in studying gas-phase atmospheric chemical processes, they all used different combinations of lumped organic species to describe the role of organics in gas-phase chemical processes. Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS) have been in use for over a decade and yet it is not cle...

Introduction: One crucial discovery by the 2009 NASA Phoenix Lander was the detection of perchlorate at ~1% in the surface Martian regolith [1]. High concentrations of perchlorate may oxidize organics on Mars and be problematic during extraction of organics during future in situ investigations. High temperature pyrolytic extraction methods will likely result in catalytic degradation of organics...

In Sandford et al. (1), we reported that organics found in samples returned by the Stardust spacecraft to Earth from Comet 81P/Wild 2 show a heterogeneous and unequilibrated distribution in both abundance and composition. Portions of the organics show similarities to those in meteorites and interplanetary dust particles (IDPs), but the entire suite of returned organics is more diverse and varie...