Astrocytes generate calcium signals throughout their fine processes, which are assumed to locally regulate neighbouring neurotransmission and blood flow. The intercellular morphological relationships mature during juvenile periods when astrocytes elongate highly ramified processes. In this study, we examined developmental changes in calcium activity patterns of single hippocampal astrocytes usi...

combating corruption need a multi pronged strategy because of the unintegrated and distributed nature of corruption. in this paper we review literature of anti corruption strategy and extract 26 indicator with a preventive approach and present the indicator in a economical , political , social , administrative section for national strategy of islamic republic of iran .the experts accept the ind...

background: households’ financial protection against health payments and expenditures and equity in utilization of health care services are of the most important tasks of governments. this study aims to measuring equity in household’s health care payments according to fairness in financial contribution (ffc) and kakwani indices in tehran-iran, 2013. methods: this cross-sectional study was condu...

this research has done in order to identifying the human resource performance key indicator; qom province electricity distribution company with regard to integrated balanced scorecard approach of human resource and analytic hierarchy process .the research method of the article is descriptive and library field data collecting. balanced scorecard (bscj translated the company visions and strategie...

Monitoring water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) is important to track progress, improve accountability, and demonstrate impacts of efforts to improve conditions and services, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Indicator selection methods enable robust monitoring of WaSH projects and conditions. However, selection methods are not always used and there are no commonly-used methods f...

The antimicrobial activity of the bacteriocin-like substance (BLS) P34 against Listeria monocytogenes was investigated in chicken sausage. The BLS was applied to chicken sausages (256 AU g(-1)) previously inoculated with a suspension of 10(2) cfu g(-1) of L. monocytogenes. BLS P34 inhibited the indicator microorganism in situ in all incubation times for up to 10 days at 5 °C. The effectiveness ...

In this issue... Measuring broad money may be out of fashion among monetary authorities, but it is a useful leading indicator of inflation and of build-ups in financial imbalances that can lead to financial instability.

under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if current age-specific mortality rates be continued. under-5 mortality, a millennium development goal indicator, is a leading indicator of child health and overall development. this indicator measures child survival. it also, reflects the social, economic and environmental conditions i...