abstract amusement programming, accomplishing ecological and/or environmental plans, in addition to establishing recreational centers, are of the important issues in regional and large-scale management of each country. herein, lack of financial resources to establish amusement areas, has led the natural resource management system to valuate such resources based upon new scientific methods. meas...

one of the problems in forest park management, planning, and design is the tendency to consider recreation independent from aesthetic preferences and ecological objectives. this paper presents the findings of an examination of recreational activities in relation to aesthetics and ecological potentials in siangtan forest park in iran. although protected areas constitute most of this 591 ha park,...

Fourteen isolations of West Nile (WN) virus were obtained from four mosquito species (Culex pipiens [5], Cx. restuans [4], Cx. salinarius [2], and Culiseta melanura [3]) in statewide surveillance conducted from June through October 2000. Most isolates were obtained from mosquitoes collected in densely populated residential locales in Fairfield and New Haven counties, where the highest rates of ...

abstract this paper carried out to study determinants of willingness to pay and ecotourism value of tandoreh natioral park using cross section data of 144 households of dargaz and ghochan and contingent value method and logit model in 2008. results showed that age and entrance offer have negative effect and income have positive effect on willingness to pay for ecotourism in tandoreh natioral pa...

impatiens necrotic spot virus (insv) infects ornamental plants worldwide. it has been reported from almost every ornamental screenhouse in tehran province. insv symptoms include necrotic leaf spot, chlorosis and stunting. heavy losses have been reported from insv in plants such as zinnia elegans, ficus benjamina, viola spp., saintpaulia ioantha, althea spp., cheiranthus cheiri, pelargoniumxhort...

despite the fact that national parks and other protected areas are mostly adopting the sustainable development process, it was found that sustainability has yet to be perceived pragmatically in these areas. due to its process, this paper presents a monitoring framework approach to develop and implement indicators for sustainable tourism. to illustrate the application of the framework, a set of ...

guilan province is located in south and south-west of the caspian sea. guilan is one of the richest and the most humid region in the country due to suitable climate, ample rainfall and many water sources (springs, rivers, creeks,..),. despite the prevailing favorable conditions, limnological studies, especially in the mountainous regions of this province are limited. a limnological study was co...

a comprehensive assessment of drought environmental and socio-economic impacts provides critical information to rational decisions supporting drought mitigation policies and programs. the objectives of this study were to survey environmental and socio-economic impacts of drought in guilan province, and prioritize them from the viewpoint of paddy farmers. this study was a descriptive-correlation...

BACKGROUND Ecological data are important in the vector control management of mosquitoes. There is scattered published information about the larval habitat characteristics and ecology of the genus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) in Iran and most of available data is in relation to malaria vectors in southern Iran. METHODS This cross sectional investigation was carried out to study the mosquito ...