Our aim was to evaluate the expression of transcription factors CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-beta (C/EBPbeta) and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) in the growth plate. Proximal tibial epiphyseal growth plates from ten 15-day-old Wistar rats were used. Additionally, anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), anti-5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) immunostaining, terminal transferase dUTP nick...

Thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and vitamin-D deficiency rickets are avian bone disorders of different etiologies characterized by abnormal chondrocyte differentiation, enlarged and unvascularized growth plates, and lameness. Heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a proangiogenic factor in mammalian tissues and in tumors; therefore, Hsp90 inhibitors were developed as antiangiogenic factor...

Estrogen is critical for epiphyseal fusion in both young men and women. In this study, we explored the cellular mechanisms by which estrogen causes this phenomenon. Juvenile ovariectomized female rabbits received either 70 microg/kg estradiol cypionate or vehicle i.m. once a week. Growth plates from the proximal tibia, distal tibia, and distal femur were analyzed after 2, 4, 6, or 8 weeks of tr...

A wide range of soil microorganisms produce allelopathic and antimicrobial metabolites1). We isolated from the rhizosphere of grasses a phosphate-solubilizing bacterium Enterobacter intermedium 60-2G that possesses several biological functions with potential uses in agriculture5). In this paper, we identify an antimicrobial substance from this bacterium and characterize its inhibitory effects o...

We propose a new type of crystal growth phenomenon—structure-dependent attachment kinetics—to explain the growth of thin ice plates from the vapor phase at temperatures near 15 C. In particular, we propose that the condensation coefficient for growth of ice prism facets increases dramatically when the width of the facet approaches atomic dimensions. This model reconciles several conflicting mea...

Biochemical confirmation of salmonellae by conventional tube methods usually requires 2 to 3 days of incubation time preceded by preparation of tubed media and transfer of cultures. The principles of heavy inocula and increased substrate concentrations have been used by Sanders et al. (1) to speed up reaction times and thus reduce the time necessary in the laboratory for analysis. To characteri...

Measuring the growth of pathogenic bacteria in leaves is a mainstay of plant pathology studies. We have made significant improvements to standard methods that will not only increase the throughput but also reduce the space limitations. Additionally, the method described here is as accurate as the standard method. Briefly, we infected leaves by dipping whole seedlings of Arabidopsis into a bacte...

MIC of antimicrobial compounds, it is essential to have uniform microbial growth on the agar medium; otherwise, it is difficult to determine a sharply defined area of growth inhibition. The conventional agar gradient-plate method has been found to be unsatisfactory for determining the MIC of chemotherapeutic compounds or antibiotics which inhibit filamentous fungi because the latter frequently ...

To assess the impacts of Cu and Zn on fungi, we tested the growth of 18 taxonomically different saprotrophic (basidiomycete, ascomycete and zygomycete) fungi and their production of extracellular oxidative enzymes on Cu(0, 100, 200, 400 mg kg–1) or Zn(0, 100, 200, 400 mg kg–1) containing ABTS (2,2 ́-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) agar plates. Coniothyrium sp. was the most toler...

there exist simple theories to predict the strain of sandwich structures under a bending load and specific support conditions. although theoretical predictions are highly effective, but the role of testing in validation of these theories and their progress is undeniable. the main goal of the present paper is to prepare a test instruction in order to minimize the error of data acquisition and th...