We estimate the yield curve gap in Japan and examine whether it has contributed to sustained low growth inflation rates observed since beginning 2000s. use a semi-structural empirical model that generalizes Laubach Williams’ approach, considering entire range of maturities interest dealing with issue mixed frequency sampling. An important result is that, even absence zero lower bound, monetary ...

In applied linguistics research interest has surged in recent years for questions related to individuals’ development and change. The most commonly used methods the field analyzing repeated measures data, studying variation stability individual change, investigating how level outcomes relate group may not be robust available. this tutorial, we introduce a state-of-the-art longitudinal data anal...

in this paper, we give some characterizations for legendre spherical, legendre normal and legendre rectifying curves in the 3-dimensional sasakian space. furthermore, we show that legendre spherical curves are also legendre normal curves. in particular, we prove that the inverse of curvature of a legendre rectifying curve is a non-constant linear function of the arclength parameter.