METHODS: A retrospective review of a Medicare database within the PearlDiver Supercomputer (Warsaw, IN) was performed for patients undergoing open (OCTR) or endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR) from 2005–2012. The PearlDiver database is a publicly available Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)compliant national database compiled from a collection of private payer recor...

This study shows that in Mexico, a country at an advanced stage in the epidemiologic transition, with the national burden of disease dominated by noncommunicable diseases, elevated blood pressure is a major clinical and public health problem. 31.7% of the Mexican individuals aged 50 and over had systolic hypertension, and 47.3% were at systolic prehypertensive levels. Also, approximately half o...

Employment grade differences in cause specific mortality. 25 year follow-up of civil servants from the first Whitehall study. National infant mortality rates in relation to gross national product and distribution of income. 15 Chiang T-L. Economic transition and changing relation between income inequality and mortality in Taiwan: regression analysis. income inequality and mortality: empirical d...

This paper argues that income inequality has increased in several, but not all, developed countries over the last twenty years. The increase in some countries supports the conclusion that the deregulation of markets, resulting in the concentration of economic power, is the fundamental cause as well as the gross manifestation of inequality of both income and wealth. JEL classifi cation: D30 (Gen...

INTRODUCTION Antiretrovirals are available at low prices in sub-Saharan Africa, but these prices may not be consistently available for middle-income countries in other regions with large HIV epidemics. Over 30% of HIV infected people live in countries outside sub-Saharan Africa. Several key antiretrovirals are still on patent, with generic production restricted. We assessed price variations for...

This publication is available on the BIS website (www.bis.org). Operational risk – Revisions to the simpler approaches iii Executive summary Introduction In the wake of the financial crisis, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has been reviewing the adequacy of the capital framework. The aim is not only to address the weaknesses that were revealed during the crisis, but also to reflect t...

Estimates of average per capita consumption and income from national accounts differ substantially corresponding measures household surveys. Using a new compilation more than 2,000 surveys matched to data, this study finds that the gaps between data sources are larger robust previously established. Means estimated are, on average, 20 percent lower means accounts. The gap with gross domestic pro...

There is widespread recognition that we need to revise our methods of measuring national income to incorporate better the impact of economic activity on environmental assets. Our aim here is to investigate alternative concepts of national income in a dynamic economy, one a generalization of Hicksian income and the other a generalization of the welfare economics concept of income as the value of...