In this study, we have focused on finding soliton solutions of the cubic–quartic Fokas–Lenells equation, which models nonlinear pulse transmission through optical fiber, is a pretty new and updated model. The main motivation study to produce with previously unused methods for data in fiber optic cables together developing technology, has been used very frequently today. We three different effic...

We present a new step in the foundation of quantum field theory with the tools of scale relativity. Previously, quantum motion equations (Schrödinger, Klein–Gordon, Dirac, Pauli) have been derived as geodesic equations written with a quantum-covariant derivative operator. Then, the nature of gauge transformations, of gauge fields and of conserved charges have been given a geometric meaning in t...

It is shown that the high-energy expansion of the scattering amplitude calculated from Feynman diagrams factorizes in such a way that it can be reduced to the eikonalized form up to the terms of inverse power in energy in accordance with results obtained by solving the Klein-Gordon equation. Therefore the two approaches when applied to the suppression of the emission of soft photons by fast cha...

this paper studies the perturbed klein-gordon equation by the aid of several methods of integrability. there are six forms of nonlinearity that are considered in this paper. the parameter domains are thus identified.

The current article discusses the new fuzzy iterative transform method, a hybrid methodology based on logic and an transformation technique. We demonstrate consistency of our technique by employing Caputo derivative under generalized Hukuhara differentiability to construct fractional Klein-Gordon equations with initial condition. series produced result was calculated compared exact result’s rec...