The effect of immunoneutralization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on LH secretion and concentrations of GnRH receptor, GnRH receptor mRNA, and gonadotropin subunit mRNA in pituitary tissue of orchidectomized sheep (wethers) was assessed. Thirty-six wethers were assigned at random to one of six treatment groups (six wethers per group). Thirty wethers (groups 2 to 6) received 200 ml, (i...

background: polycystic ovarian syndrome (pcos) patients are prone to premature lh surge and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (ohss). long gnrh analogue protocol and gnrh antagonist protocol are two methods utilized for induction ovulation in patients undergoing ivf/icsi. objective: the aim of this study was to compare the effects of gnrh agonists and antagonists in pcos patients. materials and...

Abstract Background Administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) in the luteal phase is commonly used for pituitary suppression during vitro fertilisation (IVF). There an ineluctable risk inadvertent exposure spontaneous pregnancy to GnRH-a. However, little known about complications and repregnancy outcomes affected women neurodevelopmental GnRH-a-exposed children. Methods ...

Pulsatile release of GnRH-1 is essential for secretion of gonadotropin hormones. The frequency of GnRH-1 pulses is regulated during the reproductive cycle by numerous neurotransmitters. Cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels have been proposed as a mechanism to integrate the cAMP signal evoked by many neurotransmitters. This study reports the expression of the CNGA2 subunit in GnRH-1 neurons ob...

The amino acid -aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in the regulation of the GnRH neurons. We examined whether GABA depolarizes or hyperpolarizes GnRH neurons over postnatal development using gramicidin, perforatedpatch electrophysiology combined with GnRH-LacZ transgenic mice in whom GnRH neurons can be made to fluoresce. The basic membrane properties and GABA responsiveness of Gn...

GnRH receptor mutations have recently been identified in a small number of familial cases of nonanosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. In the present report we studied a kindred in which two sisters with primary amenorrhea were affected with GnRH deficiency due to a compound heterozygote mutation (Gln(106)Arg, Arg(262)Gln) and performed extensive phenotyping studies. Baseline patterns of gonado...

Individuals with an inherited deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) have impaired sexual reproduction. Previous genetic linkage studies and sequencing of plausible gene candidates have identified mutations associated with inherited GnRH deficiency, but the small number of affected families and limited success in validating candidates have impeded genetic diagnoses for most patient...

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons originate outside the central nervous system (CNS) in the nasal placode where their migration to the basal forebrain is dependent on the integration of multiple signaling cues during development. The proper migration and establishment of the GnRH neuronal population within the CNS are critical for normal pubertal onset and reproductive function. The...

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is present in nervus terminalis neurons in chemosensory nerve fascicles in vertebrates. In rodents, the majority of GnRH fibers are located within vomeronasal nerves. We have shown that GnRH can alter vomeronasal receptor neuron responses to odors. In this study, using prairie voles, we tested the hypotheses that (i) GnRH-immunoreactive (-ir) neurons projec...

Puberty is a transition period of reproductive development from juvenile stages to adulthood and depends upon the activity of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. GnRH neurons are initially activated in utero but remain quiescent throughout the juvenile period. Premature reactivation of GnRH neurons results in precocious puberty in mice and humans, but the mechanisms underlying develo...