The chronic contact of glucose-containing dialysate and proteins results in the deposition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on peritoneal tissues in patients treated by peritoneal dialysis (PD), yet plasma levels of the AGE pentosidine are significantly lower in PD than in hemodialysis (HD). We measured glycation of peritoneal proteins in patients on PD over the time course of intraper...

p harmacological modulation of the effects of advanced glycosylation end-products (AGEs) in pa tients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) can be approached using three major strategies: ( 1) suppression or prevention offormation, (2) reversal of crosslinks already present on proteins, and (3) inhibition or blockade of the biologic effects of AGEs. This paper will provide a brief review of the l...

Endogenous adipocyte apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays an important role in adipocyte lipoprotein metabolism and lipid flux. A potential role for hyperglycemia in regulating adipocyte apoE expression and triglyceride metabolism was examined. Exposure of adipocytes to high glucose or advanced glycosylation end product-BSA significantly suppressed apoE mRNA and protein levels. This suppression was si...

OBJECTIVE Both advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) and dendritic cells (DCs) have been shown to play a causative role in atherosclerosis. However, whether they function interactively in the process remains uncertain. We therefore studied the effects of AGE-bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) on the maturation of DCs and the expressions of scavenger receptor-A (SR-A) and receptor for AGEs (RAG...

Coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease due to the rapid progression of atherosclerosis is the principal cause of death in diabetes mellitus. Modification of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) by advanced glycosylation end-products (AGE) may play a central role in the development of atherosclerosis, especially in diabetic patients. An AGE-modified form of LDL (AGE-LDL) has been found to...

In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, the late diabetic complications in nerve, vascular endothelium, and kidney arise from chronic elevations of glucose and possibly other metabolites including free fatty acids (FFA). Recent evidence suggests that common stress-activated signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-kappaB, p38 MAPK, and NH2-terminal Jun kinases/stress-activated protein kinases unde...

in this study, we examined the antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of three endemic species of salvia from iran (s. lachnocalyx, s. reuterana and s. sahendica) employing various established in vitro systems including ferric reducing antioxidant power, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay and scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. the results revealed that s. reute...

A straightforward synthesis of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the O-antigen of Escherichia coli O16 has been achieved following a sequential glycosylation strategy. A minimum number of steps was used for the synthesis of the target compound involving a one-pot glycosylation and a protecting group manipulation. All intermediate reactions afford their products in high yield, and the glycos...