The glycosyl hydrolase 18 (GH18) family consists of active chitinases as well as chitinase like lectins/proteins (CLPs). The CLPs share significant sequence and structural similarities with active chitinases, however, do not display chitinase activity. Some of these proteins are reported to have specific functions and carbohydrate binding property. In the present study, we report a novel chitin...

Sulfur-containing amino acids play important roles in good flavor generation in Maillard reaction of non-enzymatic browning, so aqueous model systems of glucosamine and cysteine were studied to investigate the effects of reaction temperature, initial pH, reaction time, and concentration ratio of glucosamine and cysteine. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the independent react...

One approach toward the elucidation of the mechanism of insulin action is to study the effect of insulin on glucose analogues. Studies of this type have been carried out in this laboratory by use of the eviscerated and nephrectomized rabbit. It has been shown (l), with the above test preparation, that insulin accelerates the transfer of n-glucosamine from the extracellular fluid into the cells....

1. Formation of 11 sugar nucleotides from the respective nucleoside triphosphates and sugar l-phosphates have been demonstrated with the crude extract of Azofobacfer vinelandii. These are adenosine diphosphate glucose, cytidine diphosphate glucose, uridine diphosphate glucose, deoxythymidine diphosphate glucose, adenosine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine, uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine,...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of the prescription formulation of glucosamine sulfate (1,500 mg administered once daily) on the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (OA) during a 6-month treatment course. METHODS Three hundred eighteen patients were enrolled in this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in which acetaminophen, the currently preferred medication for symptomatic treatm...

To the Editor, It is with importance that I make you aware of inaccurate facts about our Nutramax Laboratories Family of Companies' products as well as general errors as discussed in the article by Christiansen et al. Management of Osteoarthritis with Avocado/Soybean Unsaponifiables. I was quite surprised to uncover several wrong statements that could have been easily and properly fact checked ...

The present study investigated whether activation of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway might mediate at least in part the high glucose effect on angiotensinogen (ANG) gene expression and immortalized renal proximal tubular cell (IRPTC) hypertrophy. IRPTC were cultured in monolayer. ANG, renin, and beta-actin mRNA expression were determined by specific RT-PCR assays. Phosphorylation of p38 MAP...

OBJECTIVE The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) flux and protein O-linked N-acetyl-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) levels have been implicated in mediating the adverse effects of diabetes in the cardiovascular system. Activation of these pathways with glucosamine has been shown to mimic some of the diabetes-induced functional and structural changes in the heart; however, the effect on cardiac metabo...

CONTEXT Chronic low back pain (LBP) with degenerative lumbar osteoarthritis (OA) is widespread in the adult population. Although glucosamine is increasingly used by patients with chronic LBP, little is known about its effect in this setting. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of glucosamine in patients with chronic LBP and degenerative lumbar OA. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A double-...