This paper describes a speech coder for low bit rates using a parametric representation of voiced excitation waveforms (Glottal ARX) and standard LPC for unvoiced. For efficient compression purposes the excitation and spectrum parameters are quantized with vector quantization (VQ). This has resulted in a glottal vocoder operating at 1320 bits/s and sounding more natural than a standard LPC voco...

Voice source analysis and modelling has played a key role in important speech applications such as speech recognition, speech synthesis and speaker recognition. This work presents a robust algorithm for glottal closure detection and a novel set of voice source features for speaker recognition. In the rst part of the dissertation the DYPSA algorithm is developed for detecting glottal closure ins...

For voiced speech the main excitation of the vocal tract occurs at the end of the glottal closing phase when the rate of change of the flow reaches its absolute maximum. This study presents a straightforward method that yields a numerical value to characterize the effect of the main excitation on vocal intensity. The method, Energy Ratio by Modified Excitation (ERME), takes advantage of the glo...

PURPOSE Many researchers have studied the acoustics, physiology, and perceptual characteristics of the voice source, but despite significant attention, it remains unclear which aspects of the source should be quantified and how measurements should be made. In this study, the authors examined the relationships among a number of existing measures of the glottal source spectrum, along with the ass...

The most important application of voice profiling is pathological detection. Parkinson's disease a chronic neurological degenerative affecting the central nervous system responsible for essentially progressive evolution movement disorders. 70% to 90% Parkinson’s (PD) patients show an affected voice. This paper proposes methodology PD based on acoustic, glottal, physical, and electrical paramete...

The present study stems from our recent demonstration (Moreau-Bussiere F, Samson N, St-Hilaire M, Reix P, Lafond JR, Nsegbe E, Praud JP. J Appl Physiol 102: 2149-2157, 2007) that a progressive increase in nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) leads to active glottal closure in nonsedated, newborn lambs. The aim of the study was to determine whether the mechanisms involved in ...

The purpose of this study was to examine several factors of vocal quality that might be affected by changes in vocal fold vibratory patterns. Four voice types were examined: modal, vocal fry, falsetto, and breathy. Three categories of analysis techniques were developed to extract source-related features from speech and electroglottographic (EGG) signals. Four factors were found to be important ...

The robust and efficient extraction of features related to the glottal excitation source has become increasingly important for speech technology. The glottal open quotient (OQ) is one relevant measurement which is known to significantly vary with changes in voice quality on a breathy to tense continuum. The extraction of OQ, however, is hampered in the time-domain by the difficulty in consisten...

Iterative adaptive inverse filtering (IAIF) [1] remains among the state-of-the-art algorithms for estimating glottal flow from the recorded speech signal. Here, we re-examine IAIF in light of its foundational, classical model of voiced (non-nasalized) speech, wherein the overall spectral tilt is caused only by lipradiation and glottal effects, while the vocal-tract transfer function contains fo...

This doctoral consortium paper outlines the author’s proposed investigation into the use of the voice-source waveform for affective computing. A data-driven glottal waveform representation, previously examined in the authors earlier doctoral studies for its speaker discriminative abilities, is proposed to be studied for both depression detection and emotion recognition, including severity class...