We present a novel model for the true vertical depth (TVD) positioning error in horizontal wells. The model utilizes a non-stationary Gaussian process known as the integrated Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. This process is continuous and exhibits the known systematic accumulation of vertical errors with increasing measured depth. The well corrections produced are smooth and maintain the underlying ...

The West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) has been suffering an increase in its atmospheric temperature during the last 50 years, mainly associated with global warming. This increment of temperature trend associated with changes in sea-ice dynamics has an impact on organisms, affecting their phenology, physiology and distribution range. For instance, rapid demographic changes in Pygoscelis penguins ha...

In order to investigate the influence of the stiffness of the compliant prismatic pair, a planar four-bar parallelogram, in a fully compliant parallel mechanism, the stiffness model of the passive compliant prismatic pair in a compliant parallel positioning stage is established using the compliant matrix method and matrix transformation. The influences of the constraints and the compliance of t...

Global climate change is having a significant effect on the distributions of a wide variety of species, causing both range shifts and population extinctions. To date, however, no consensus has emerged on how these processes will affect the range-wide genetic diversity of impacted species. It has been suggested that species that recolonized from low-latitude refugia might harbour high levels of ...

surgery of the extremities often fails to reveal incorrect positioning of implants (i.e. screws, plates) and joint incongruencies. In such cases, the problems are only recognized on postoperative Computed Tomography (CT) scans. The wish for more detailed information on fracture reduction and implant position during surgery has led to the development of intraoperative 3D imaging. The BV Pulsera ...

In order to investigate the influence of the stiffness of the compliant prismatic pair, a planar four-bar parallelogram, in a fully compliant parallel mechanism, the stiffness model of the passive compliant prismatic pair in a compliant parallel positioning stage is established using the compliant matrix method and matrix transformation. The influences of the constraints and the compliance of t...

In this paper, we propose an architecture of measurement system which can measure IETF’s IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) such as one-way delay, one-way packet loss and packet delay variation in the Internet. As the synchronization among measurement systems is very important in one-way delay measurement, we used the Global Positioning System (GPS) to synchronize the measurement systems and provide...

Postglacial climate changes alter geographical distributions and diversity of species. Such ongoing changes often force species to migrate along the latitude/altitude. Altitudinal gradients represent assemblage of environmental, especially climatic, variable factors that influence the plant distributions. Global warming that triggered upward migrations has therefore impacted the alpine plants o...

Identifying adaptive genetic variation is a challenging task, in particular in non-model species for which genomic information is still limited or absent. Here, we studied distribution patterns of amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) in response to environmental variation, in 13 alpine plant species consistently sampled across the entire European Alps. Multiple linear regressions wer...