This paper outlines the principal aims and design of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey, mental health supplement (GHS-MHS), the first nationwide, epidemiological study of both somatic and mental health in Germany on a representative sample of 4,181 subjects in the community. Both the broader context of the study--in particular its methodological relation to the social ...

OBJECTIVE To explores the interface between vertical programmes (VPs) and general health services (GHS) in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Using semi-structured interviews, we analysed the perceptions of a selection of experienced mid-level managers of health systems and of VP originating in francophone Africa on the nature and quality of this interface. RESULTS The respondents acknowledged tha...

Ghrelin, by binding growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), promotes osteoblast proliferation but the signaling mechanism of GHS-R on these cells remains unclear. Since canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway is critically associated with bone homeostasis, we investigated its involvement in mediating ghrelin effects in osteoblasts and in osteoblast-osteoclast cross talk. Ghrelin (10(-10)M) signif...

Background: Ghrelin is the endogenous ligand of the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptor and is the first hormone linking gastrointestinal-pituitary axis. Actions of ghrelin on GH secretion provide a strong force for envisioning that one of the major role of ghrelin could be the regulation of secretion of GH. Aims & Objective: To explore the intriguing dimensions on the possible physiologi...

Given its wide spectrum of biological activities such as growth hormone (GH) release, feeding stimulation, adiposity and cardiovascular actions, the discovery of ghrelin opened many new perspectives within neuroendocrine, metabolic and cardiovascular research, thus suggesting its possible clinical application. Circulating ghrelin is produced predominantly in the stomach, and its receptor GH sec...

This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proof-corrections or journal pagination. Ghrelin receptor antagonism attenuates cocaine-and amphetamine-induced locomotor stimulation, accumbal dopamine release, and conditioned place preference. Abstract Recently we demonstrated that genetic or pharmacological suppression of the central ghrelin signalling system, involv...

An extension of the Keski-Vakuri, Kraus and Wilczek (KKW) analysis to black hole spacetimes which are not Schwarzschild-type is presented. Preserving the regularity at the horizon and stationarity of the metric in order to deal with the across-horizon physics, a more general coordinate transformation is introduced. In this analysis the Hawking radiation is viewed as a tunnelling process which e...

In their study published in this issue, Iglesias et al. give the vascular effects, independent of GH release, has been first evidence that ghrelin is synthesized and secreted by cardiomyocytes. Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide containing an n-octanoyl modification at serine 3. It acts on the pituitary and hypothalamus to stimulate growth hormone (GH) release, food intake, and adiposity. It ha...

Energy balance is regulated by ghrelin that is a neuroendocrine modulator. Ghrelin is expressed in reproductive organs. However, the role of ghrelin during in vitro maturation and bovine preimplantational development is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of ghrelin (GHRL) and its receptor growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1A (GHS-R1A) mRNA expression, and cumu...

Activation of the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) by synthetic GH releasing peptides (GHRP) or its endogenous ligand (Ghrelin) stimulates GH release. Though much is known about the signal transduction underlying short-term regulation, there is far less information on the mechanisms that produce long-term effects. In the current report, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assa...