Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) affects 11 per cent of pre-menopausal women though it often remains undetected. Women may present differently than men, and the classic findings of snoring, witnessed apnoeas and sleepiness may not be observed. Factors which predispose to OSA include polycystic ovarian syndrome, obesity, retromicrognathia, and hypothyroidism. OSA may contribute to neurocognitive d...

It is well known that respiratory functions are affected at clinical hypothyroidism. Simple spirometry which is a cheap and simple method is performed to the patients with subclinical hypothyroidism in order to determine if respiratory functions are affected or not. Recently diagnosed 87 patients with clinical hypothyroidism, 120 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and 60 healthy subjects ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often have subclinical hypothyroidism. However, few reports have investigated changes in the status of subclinical hypothyroidism in CKD patients and its clinical significance in CKD progression. METHODS We included 168 patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD stages 2-4. The normalization of subclinical hypothyroidism during follow...

CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE Most patients with subclinical hypothyroidism are regularly monitored when treatment is not started. We have studied how interval between follow-up visits and how different T(4) estimates influence diagnostic outcome in a cohort of patients with untreated subclinical hypothyroidism, and studied whether assessment of clinical symptoms and signs aids evaluation of an individual ...

Background Hypothyroidism is associated with dysfunction of the bone turnover with reduced osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. Mesenchyme stem cells (MSCs) secrete various factors and cytokines that may stimulate bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of MSCs-conditioned medium (CM) in hypothyroidism male rats after inducing bone defect....

OBJECTIVE We investigated the prevalence of congenital renal and urologic anomalies in children with congenital hypothyroidism to determine whether further renal and urologic investigations would be of benefit. STUDY DESIGN Prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism was obtained from the New York State Congenital Malformation Registry. The occurrence of urinary tract anomalies were calculated fo...

Both developmental and adult-stage hypothyroidism disrupt rat hippocampal neurogenesis. We previously showed that exposing mouse offspring to manganese permanently disrupts hippocampal neurogenesis and abolishes the asymmetric distribution of cells expressing Mid1, a molecule regulated by sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling. The present study examined the involvement of Shh signaling on the disrupti...

Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as a serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration above the upper limit of its reference range plus a serum free thyroxine (FT4) concentration within its reference range. There are several controversies regarding the effect of subclinical hypothyroidism on the risk of heart failure, cardiovascular disease risk, cholesterol metabolism and mortality,...

OBJECTIVE In this study we aimed to determine the prevalence of cardiac malformations in fetuses of Iranian diabetic mothers with pre-gestational and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to find the patterns of different cardiac malformations. METHODS One-hundred and seventy diabetic pregnant women (68 preGDM and 102 GDM) (mean age: 32.17±4.8 years) and 85 healthy controls (mean age: 31.35...