BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollutants is suggested to adversely affect fetal growth, but the evidence remains inconsistent in relation to specific outcomes and exposure windows. METHODS Using birth records from the two major maternity hospitals in Newcastle upon Tyne in northern England between 1961 and 1992, we constructed a database of all births to mothers resident within the city. Weekly ...

BACKGROUND There is limited evidence suggesting that prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants may increase the risk of stillbirth, but previous epidemiological studies have not elaborated the most susceptible gestational period for the effects of air pollution exposure on stillbirth. OBJECTIVES We estimated associations between exposure to ambient air pollutants and stillbirth, with specia...

terms, which capture the difference in effect of exposure in the affected region compared with the unaffected region, for each month of exposure. We see that for the ‘All births’ sample, births exposed in month 3 of gestation have significantly lower gestational age in the affected than in the unaffected region (difference: 20.228 weeks, P 1⁄4 0.022). When we compare these findings by sex of th...

Adverse infant outcomes often rise in the aftermath of disaster, but few studies have assessed the effects of disaster on maternal health. 1091 southern Louisiana women were interviewed about their pregnancy history, including pregnancy complications. Associations between oil spill exposures and gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and nausea/vomiting were assessed for all reported pre...

While there are no known risks associated with diagnostic ultrasound, uncertainty about the safety of prenatal ultrasound exposure remains. The purpose of the present experiment was to evaluate the teratogenic potential of pulsed-wave (pw) ultrasound in rats, in the absence of maternal anesthesia or restraint. Pregnant CD rats, trained to remain immobile in a water-filled ultrasound exposure ta...

Exposure to air pollution may adversely impact placental function through a variety of mechanisms; however, epidemiologic studies have found mixed results. We examined the association between traffic exposure and placental-related obstetric conditions in a retrospective cohort study on Cape Cod, MA, USA. We assessed exposure to traffic using proximity metrics (distance of residence to major roa...

Johnsson, H. 2001. Lung Hyaluronan and Lung Water in the Perinatal Period. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 1020. 59 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 91-554-4989-1. Hyaluronan is an important component of the lung extracellular matrix, with a high capacity for water immobilization, but information on perinatal changes in the lung hya...

BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants, e.g. polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) has been suggested to negatively affect birth weight although epidemiological evidence is still inconclusive. We investigated if prenatal exposure to PCBs and PBDEs is related to birth weight in a Swedish population with background exposure. METHODS B...

Objective(s):This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of maternal morphine exposure during gestational and lactation period on pyramidal neurons of hippocampus in 18 and 32 day mice offspring. Materials and Methods: Thirty female mice were randomly allocated into cases and controls. In case group, animals received morphinesulfate 10 mg/kg.body weight intraperitoneally during 7 days bef...

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) during pregnancy is quite rare, however it has a high maternal mortality rate. A pregnant woman in the 16th gestational week was admitted to our hospital with a drowsy level of consciousness. A brain magnetic resonance (MR) image showed hemorrhage on the prepontine cistern, and both sylvian fissures, and MR angiography and cerebral digital subtraction an...