The risk for the development of germ cell tumors is an important factor to deal with in the management of patients with disorders of sex development (DSD). However, this risk is often hard to predict. Recently, major progress has been made in identifying gene-products related to germ cell tumor development (testis-specific protein-Y encoded and octamer binding transcription factor 3/4) and in r...

Aim: Testicular tumors are one of the most common malignancies in men age group 15-40 years, although they rarely observed. In our study, it was aimed to evaluate their histopathological features by retrospectively examining cases diagnosed as testicular tumor department. Materials and Methods: Age, localization, size, pathological stage, type frozen information 65 Department Medical Pathology ...

INTRODUCTION Recent scientific attention has focused on the role of growth factors in the progression of cancer. HER-2/neu is an epidermal growth factor receptor that is demonstrated to have correlation with poor prognosis of many cancers. This study evaluated the overexpression of HER-2/neu protein and its clinical importance in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. MATERIALS AND M...

Germ cell tumors (GCTs) arising in infants, children, and adolescents present a set of special challenges. GCTs make up about 3% of malignancies in children aged 0-18 and nearly 15% of cancers in adolescents. Epidemiologic and molecular evidence suggests that GCTs in young children likely represent a distinct biologic group as compared to GCTs of older adolescents and adults. Despite this diffe...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This overview discusses several important developments in testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) over the past year. RECENT FINDINGS Genomic studies continue to investigate gene expression as possible markers for disease relapse and metastatic potential. Optimal treatment strategies for early-stage seminomas continue to evolve toward surveillance versus chemotherapy, although d...

Testicular cancer is considered a malignancy with a high cure rate even in patients with metastatic disease. Treatment strategies are based on the extent of the disease and prognostic factors and require cooperation of medical specialists such as medical oncologists, radiation oncologists and urologic surgeons. Today, cure rates of 95–99% for patients with early stage testicular cancer and 50–9...

PURPOSE Carcinoids are neuroendocrine tumors and most frequently occur within tissues derived from the embryonic gut. These tumors can occur in any organ site but are rare in the testis. The cell type giving rise to testicular carcinoid is unknown. We hypothesized that testicular carcinoid may have a germ cell origin. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We describe our analysis of protein and genetic markers...

Intratubular germ cell neoplasia, the precursor of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), is hypothesized to arise during embryogenesis from developmentally arrested primordial germ cells (PGCs) or gonocytes. In early embryonal life, the PGCs migrate from the yolk sac to the dorsal body wall where the cell population separates before colonizing the genital ridges. However, whether the malignant t...

Down syndrome (DS) has an increased risk of leukemia and a ecreased incidence of solid tumors [1]. However, Asian patients ith DS do not have a lower risk of brain tumors, especially germ ell tumors [2]. Satge et al. summarized 38 central nervous system umors in DS and reported that 14 (61%) of 23 cases under age 5 were germ cell tumors [3]. All reported cases were Asian, and olk sac tumors (YS...