Typical communication patterns within a sensor network are data delivery from sensor nodes to one of selected information sinks, and information sinks requesting a certain physical phenomenon or requesting sensor nodes lying within a sensed area. In general, addressing is achieved by utilizing sensor locations. Geographic routing algorithms allow routers to be nearly stateless since packet forw...

In Intelligent Vehicular Networks, featured as car-to-car and car-toinfrastructure wireless communication, most applications need important location information or credential information. We address a location-based encryption method that not only ensures messages confidentiality but also authenticates identity and location of communication peers. The authentication of location means that a mes...

Geographic Forwarding (GF) algorithms typically employ a neighbor discovery method to maintain a neighborhood table that works well only if all wireless links are symmetric. Recent experimental research has revealed that the link conditions in realistic wireless networks vary significantly from the ideal disk model and a substantial percentage of links are asymmetric. Existing GF algorithms fai...

In current information retrieval systems, geographically-based searches such as "Find me all documents whose content pertains to location X" are not supported directly by indexing, query, and display functions. Instead, these searches at best exist only as side-effects of keyword indexing. Because of problems relating to ambiguity, synonymy, and other linguistic phenomena, the use of keyword in...

Web searchers signal their geographic intent by using place-names in search queries. They also indicate their flexibility about geographic specificity by reformulating their queries. By examining this data we can learn to understand web searcher flexibility with respect to geographic intent. We examine aggregated data of queries with locations, and locations identified from IP addresses, to ide...

The generalisation of the Internet and the recent technological developments in embedded systems and wireless networks contribute to the realisation of a vision where access to information is possible at any moment and from anywhere. This is particularly attractive with information that is relevant to a specific geographic location. Applications that rely on locationbased services to provide in...

This study examines the sources of geographic variance in commercial Internet use. Until now, two opposing views have been argued on the relationship between Internet technology and economic agglomeration. One view, which we term global village theory, asserts that Internet technology helps lower communication costs and break down geographic boundaries between firms. The other view, labeled urb...

The thesis first analyses the importance sensor placement has in a large scale WSN application using geographic routing. A simulation-based topological study is made for a forest fire prevention application using both deterministically and randomly placed nodes. Sensor deployment can be projectile, from the network edge, made through manual scattering or by air release. Results reveal the impac...

Place is an elusive notion in geographic information science. This paper presents an approach to capture the notion of place by contrast. This approach is developed from cognitive concepts and the language that is used to describe places. It is complementary to those of coordinate-based systems that dominate contemporary geographic information systems. Accordingly, the approach is aimed at expl...

Minimizing Energy consumption is considered as one of the most important principles in the development of routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). In this study, we propose a Location based Energy-Aware Reliable routing protocol (LEAR) for WSN based on sensor position and clustering. Geographical routing protocols are efficient and convenient for optimum energy consumption and band...