For $g=8,12,16$ and $24$, there is a nonzero alternating $g$-multilinear form on the ${\\rm Leech}$ lattice, unique up to scalar, which invariant by orthogonal group of Leech}$. The harmonic Siegel theta series built from these forms are modular cuspforms weight $13$ for Sp}{2g}(\\mathbb{Z})$. We prove that they eigenforms, determine one their Fourier coefficients, give informations about stand...

Sir, The ingenious article by Rastogi and Chaudhari was indeed interesting. [1] Hirudo medicinalis (medical leech) has been used in ancient medicine for various ailments. In recent years, leeches have been making a remarkable re‑emergence in medical practice, especially in reconstructive microsurgery to relieve venous congestion and to improve the microrevascularization of flaps, grafts, or rep...

3. Bullock, T.H., and Quarton, G.C. (1966). Simple systems for the study of learning mechanisms. Neurosci. Res. Progr. Bull. 4, 105–233. 4. Kristan, W.B., Jr., Calabrese, R.L., and Friesen, W.O. (2005). Neuronal control of leech behavior. Prog. Neurobiol. 76, 279–327. 5. Zipser, B. (1979). Identifiable neurons controlling penile eversion in the leech. J. Neurophysiol. 42, 455–464. 6. Nagahama, ...

There are trillions of microbes found throughout the human body and they exceed the number of eukaryotic cells by 10-fold. Metagenomic studies have revealed that the majority of these microbes are found within the gut, playing an important role in the host's digestion and nutrition. The complexity of the animal digestive tract, unculturable microbes, and the lack of genetic tools for most cultu...

Although automation was introduced into biochemistry in 1957 (Skeggs, 1957), it was not until 1963 that McNeil, Helrick, and Ferrari (1963) first described a mechanized technique forABO grouping. This was followed a few months later by a method employing the AutoAnalyzer continuous flow principle by which up to 40 samples per hour could be both ABO and Rh (D) grouped (Sturgeon, Cedergren, and M...

There is growing concern that recreational shoreline angling activity may negatively impact littoral and riparian habitats independent of any direct or indirect influences of fish harvest or fishing mortality through mechanisms such as disturbance (e.g., trampling, erosion) and pollution (e.g., littering). We sampled a suite of aquatic and terrestrial variables (i.e., water quality, aquatic and...

In the present study we analyzed the behavior and interactions among leeches in the same observation tank. Colored beads were glued onto their skin so that their behavior could be followed and quantified. When two or three leeches were present in the observation tank, they searched around for a maximum of 2 h and their motion and behavior were independent from those of their conspecifics. When ...