The nature of nutritionally-related disease (NRD) in transitional economies is such that deficiency can frequently co-exist with excess. This is most usually represented by the combination of diets of low nutritional quality (low and little food component density and diversity, FCDD) and decreased levels of physical activity, predicated, in part, on limited affordability of alternatives. Moreov...

There is increasing evidence of the far-reaching effects of gut bacteria on physiological and behavioural traits, yet the fitness-related consequences of changes in the gut bacteria composition of sexually interacting individuals remain unknown. To address this question, we manipulated the gut microbiota of fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, by monoinfecting flies with either Acetobacter pom...

Prenatal exposure to opiates can have devastating effects on the development of human fetuses and may induce long-term physical and neurobehavioral changes during postnatal maturation. The present study was aimed at identifying cross-generational effects of prenatal morphine exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats. Pregnant rats were injected subcutaneously with either saline or morphine (10 mg/kg) twi...

Plasticity in the development and expression of behavior may allow organisms to cope with novel and rapidly changing environments. However, plasticity itself may depend on the developmental experiences of an individual. For instance, individuals reared in complex, enriched environments develop enhanced cognitive abilities as a result of increased synaptic connections and neurogenesis. This sugg...

The target of our study is the Monarch Butterfly, which is known for its multi-generational migration behavior: it migrates between southern Canada and Mexico over the course of one year within three to four generations. In spite of many reported studies, little is known about what influences their migration. We approach this subject by using an ecosystem model consisting of artificial agents a...

Structural changes in the Korean population, such as a growing trend toward nuclear families and urbanization, have given rise to a generational gap between older adults and the younger generation. The current study developed a 6-week intergenerational program to facilitate interactions between nursing home residents and high school students. The effects of the program were examined in 120 part...

This article shows that the prevalence of four common child health conditions increases across generations (from first-generation immigrant children to second-generation U.S.born children of immigrants to third-and-higher-generation children) within each of four major U.S. racial/ethnic groups. In the third-plus generation, black and Hispanic children have higher rates of nearly all conditions....

Currently available traditional as well as videogame-based cognitive assessment techniques are inappropriate due to several reasons. This paper presents a novel psychosocial game suite, BrainStorm, for noninvasive cross-generational cognitive capabilities data collection, which additionally provides cross-generational social support. A motivation behind the development of presented game suite i...