BACKGROUND AND AIM: Although Rubber dam (RD) usage is one of the ideal and standard methods for isolating the teeth in several operative procedures of dentistry, General Dental Practitioners often neglect it. Many studies within several countries have reported various frequencies for RD application. There is no such study for Iran, so we conducted a study to report the frequency of its applicat...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: It is clear that education of parents and physicians regarding the importance of caries prevention will improve children’s dental health. Most of the times pediatric and general dentists are dependent on the knowledge base and attitude of pediatricians and family practice physicians for referral of infants and young children in need of preventive and restorative care. This s...

(basing himself on the current routine laboratory methods of investigation) dogmatically asserted that a blood stain was in fact of human origin, could undoubtedly be crossexamined very severely and devastatingly and find himself unable to maintain the aogmatic assertion that the blood stain was exclusively of human origin. It is unlikely that he can go beyond classifying the stain as belonging...