OBJECTIVE To measure environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in psychiatric settings and to assess determinants of support for complete smoking bans. DESIGN Cross sectional study SETTING Dutch psychiatric hospitals, outpatient care institutions, and sheltered home facilities. SUBJECTS A random sample of 540 treatment staff, 306 attendants/nurses, and 93 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE...

Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) ist – ebenso wie damit verknüpfte Techniken maschinelles Lernen und Big Data in aller Munde. Die große Dynamik Tragweite dieser Entwicklungen zeigen sich bereits zahlreichen Anwendungsgebieten von Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft Wissenschaft. Technikfolgenabschätzung (TA) KI hat diesem Zusammenhang zunächst die Aufgabe, etwaige überzogene öffentliche Erwartungen Befürchtung...

BACKGROUND In January 1998, the California state legislature extended a workplace smoking ban to bars. The purpose of this study was to explore the conditions that facilitate or hinder compliance with a smoking ban in bars. METHODS We studied the implementation of the smoking ban in bars by interviewing three sets of policy participants: bar employers responsible for complying with the law; l...

The wireless communication technology and its development have progressed a lot in various fields of study, but none so more than in the field of wireless networks. Among the various research areas and applications of this technology is BAN or Body Area Network, which can be defined as a miniature network consisting of sensors operating mainly on or around the human body. Technological advancem...

BACKGROUND Particulate air pollution episodes have been associated with increased daily death. However, there is little direct evidence that diminished particulate air pollution concentrations would lead to reductions in death rates. We assessed the effect of air pollution controls--ie, the ban on coal sales--on particulate air pollution and death rates in Dublin. METHODS Concentrations of ai...

Let A be a well-formed formula of first-order modal logic whose only free variable is x. We shall use the following abbreviations: Mat(A) for (x)[OA * 0~A] Form(A) for (x)[DA vD-i] Ban(A) for ((x)DA) v ((x)U~A) Pred(A) for Form(A) v Mat(A). We read Mat(A), FormjA), and Ban(A) respectively as: "A is material", "A is formal", and "A is banal"; Pred(A) is the assertion of the Principle of Predica-...