BACKGROUND Nitric oxide synthase activity is increased in the stomach in association with Helicobacter pylori infection and portal hypertension, but the mechanism by which nitric oxide contributes to mucosal damage remains unclear. AIM To examine whether nitric oxide injures gastric mucosal cells and whether cellular glutathione affects nitric oxide-induced cytotoxicity. METHODS A confluent...

BACKGROUND Unwitnessed gastric aspiration can be a diagnostic dilemma, and early discrimination of different forms may help to identify individuals with increased risk of development of severe clinical acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome. The authors hypothesized that inflammatory mediator profiles could be used to help diagnose different types of gastric aspiration. METH...

BACKGROUND Gastric cancers with microsatellite instabilities (MSI) have been reported to be associated with favorable prognosis. However, the significance of the effect of MSI on the clinicopathological features, as well as its association with mucin phenotype, remains unclear. METHODS MSI status was assessed in 414 cases of gastric cancer using polymerase chain reaction analysis of five micr...

BACKGROUND In contrast with earlier reports that neutrophils play a primary part in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) injury to the stomach, recent evidence suggests only a secondary role for these cells. AIM To examine whether early microscopic changes induced by indomethacin in the gastric corpus of fasted rats and the antrum of fasted-refed rats involve neutrophil infiltration. ...

A 58-year-old male with past medical history of chronic alcoholism, hepatitis C, and systolic heart failure with low ejection fraction presented to the emergency room with multiple episodes of hematemesis for 24 hours prior to the presentation. On arrival, he was hypotensive and tachycardic with impaired mentation. Laboratory findings revealed anemia (hemoglobin 9.4 gm/ dL), thrombocytopenia (p...

Sub-lethal toxicity of zinc chloride (11.5 ppm) on the respiratory organs of the Channa striata has been analysed. The mucous cells show periodic fluctuations in their number, size and staining properties elaborating larger quantities of sulphated mucopolysaccharides. The respiratory epithelium (RE) of the respiratory (secondary) lamellae (SL) of the gills shows periodic lifting with deformity ...

OBJECTIVE Oesophagectomy, whether open or minimal access, is associated with a significant incidence of gastric-conduit-related complications. Previous animal and human studies suggest that ischaemic conditioning of the stomach prior to oesophagectomy improves perfusion of the gastric conduit. We have adopted laparoscopic ligation of the left gastric artery 2 weeks prior to minimally invasive o...

Early reports suggested that mosquito cells infected with arboviruses remain viable and undamaged. However, more recent experimental evidence suggests that arboviral infection of mosquito tissues might indeed result in pathological changes, with potential implications for vector survival and virus transmission. Here, we compare the pathological effects of western equine encephalomyelitis virus ...

a further improvement may be obtained in survival rate. The disease, starting in the cervical canal or on a lip of the cervix, spreads by direct extension into the paracervical tissues and by lymphatic drainage into the broad ligaments and regional lymphatic glands. This spread of the disease may be either generalised or confined to one or other fornix with or without spread on to the vaginal w...

Volume 82, Number 10 www.aafp.org/afp American Family Physician 1257 A 44-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for severe pain localized to her lower extremities. She had a history of diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis. On the sixth day of hospitalization, she developed tender, flat, hyperpigmented, violaceous plaques with irregular borders on her buttoc...