The diesel / gasoline engine rejects about two thirds of the heat energy of the fuel, one-third to the coolant, and one third to the exhaust, leaving only about one-third as useful power output. Theoretically if the heat rejected could be reduced, then the thermal efficiency would be improved, at least up to the limit set by the second law of thermodynamics. Low Heat Rejection (LHR) engines aim...

New regulations in the United States and Europe, designed to address climate change concerns by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, are causing increased use of gasoline direct-injection (GDI) engines in light-duty vehicles (LDV). Separate new regulations that aim to reduce particulate emissions to address air pollution concerns are taking effect concurrent with greenhouse gas limitations in bot...

In this study, zinc ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (ZnFe2O4, ZFO MNPs) were employed as a sorbent for the removal of oil spill from water surfaces. MNPs synthesized via sol-gel process and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Both apparent density force determined. presented considerable (40.22 mN) an adequate (0.5287 g/cm3), which are ...