Context. Hydrogenation reactions are expected to be among the most important surface reactions on interstellar ices. However, solid state astrochemical laboratory data on reactions of H-atoms with common interstellar ice constituents are largely lacking. Aims. The goal of our laboratory work is to determine whether and how carbon dioxide (CO2), formic acid (HCOOH) and acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) reac...

Ultrasound assisted phase-transfer catalyzed preparation of ethyl 2-(4-nitrophenoxy)acetate from the corresponding p-nitrophenol and ethyl 2-bromoacetate using the mild solid base, anhydrous potassium carbonate, under very mild conditions is reported. The solid-liquid reactions were performed in a batch reactor equipped with reflux condenser, and ultrasonic irradiations were introduced using an...

Effect of scale on the hydrodynamics of gas-solid fluidized beds was investigated in two fluidized beds of 152 mm and 78 mm in diameter.  Air at room temperature was used as the fluidizing gas in the bed of sand particles. The Radioactive Particle Tracking (RPT) technique was employed to obtain the instantaneous positions of the particles at every 20 ms of the experiments. These data were u...

The application of oxygen carriers as alternative bed material in fluidized combustion originates from chemical lopping processes. They serve transport agents undergoing consecutive redox cycles. Thereby, can provide surplus oxygen-lean areas In turn, re-oxidation takes place oxygen-rich reactor parts. A more homogeneous and reduced CO emissions follow during steady-state operation. However, es...

BACKGROUND Biomass and municipal solid waste offer sustainable sources of energy; for example to meet heat and electricity demand in the form of combined cooling, heat and power. Combustion of biomass has a lesser impact than solid fossil fuels (e.g. coal) upon gas pollutant emissions, whilst energy recovery from municipal solid waste is a beneficial component of an integrated, sustainable wast...

New developments in science and industry are aided by accurate knowledge of the behavior of important substances. The great abundance of chemical processes and comX pounds in which hydrogen is involved make it of particular interest. The experimental and derived data presented here for hydrogen extend over a large range of temperature. Low temperatures are required for the liquid and solid, and...