In a world where interaction is a significant part of everyday life, personal space (PS) – an invisible bubble surrounding human body is important. This is because PS functions as a comfort zone during interaction, a factor in designing physical environments, and invading such space produces anxiety and discomfort. Little is known, however, about how personal space might operate in virtual envi...

Targeted deletion of focal adhesion kinase (fak) in the developing dorsal forebrain resulted in local disruptions of the cortical basement membrane located between the neuroepithelium and pia-meninges. At disruption sites, clusters of neurons invaded the marginal zone. Retraction of radial glial endfeet, midline fusion of brain hemispheres, and gliosis also occurred, similar to type II cobblest...

The present study is dedicated to the coupled CFD-kinetics 2D axisymmetric modeling of plasma-assisted diesel fuel reformer developed for two different applications: (i) onboard H2 production for fuel cell feeding and (ii) NOx trap regeneration. These cases correspond to very different reacting conditions. In the first case, diesel fuel reacts with air while in the second case it reacts with di...

The nitrogen-fixing legume kudzu (Pueraria montana) is a widespread invasive plant in the southeastern United States with physiological traits that may lead to important impacts on ecosystems and the atmosphere. Its spread has the potential to raise ozone levels in the region by increasing nitric oxide (NO) emissions from soils as a consequence of increasing nitrogen (N) inputs and cycling in s...

Complex two-phase flow phenomena in wellbores after sour gas kick may lead to severe well control incidents. By bridging the solubility, H2S phase transition and equations, a model is established under conditions of transient non-isothermal states wellbores, which validated against experimental data. The following conclusions are drawn article: (1) higher dissolved quantity larger density invad...

The small hydrate concept (SHC) was proposed to predict the generated excess pore water pressure due to dissociation of gas hydrate within sandy soils. This concept was then used to calculate excess pore water pressure in the Storegga slide of which gas hydrate dissociation may have contributed. Since the excess pore water pressure calculated by the SHC resulted in the considerable loss of stif...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Many attempts have been made to avoid the commonly observed fluctuations in fruit initiation and fruit growth in crop plants, particularly in cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Weak sinks of the fruit have been assumed to result in low sink/source ratios for carbohydrates, which may inhibit photosynthesis. This study focuses on the effects of low sink-source ratios on photosynthesi...

The purpose of the Guideline Manual is to provide recommendations for the application of combined gas reburning-sorbent injection (GR-SI) technologies to pre-NSPS boilers. The manual includes design recommendations, performance predictions, economic projections and comparisons with competing technologies. The report also includes an assessment of boiler impacts. Two full-scale demonstrations of...

Biomass, mainly in the form of wood, is the oldest form of energy used by humans. Gasification is a process of conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel into combustible gas by partial combustion. In the present study, a model developed by us in our earlier study is used for predicting the steady-state composition and rate of reaction profiles for the reduction zone of the downdraft biomass gasifie...

We calculate the ionisation fraction in protostellar disk models using a number of different chemical reaction networks, including gas–phase and gas–grain reaction schemes. The disk models we consider are conventional α–disks, which include viscous heating and radiative cooling. The primary source of ionisation is assumed to be X–ray irradiation from the central star. For most calculations we a...