the cold roll bonding of al on aisi 304l stainless steel was carried out to fabricate the al/304l/al clad sheet composites. the maximum bond strength of 20 n/mm was acquired just by 38% reduction, for which the tearing of the aluminum sheet occurred during the peeling test. the microstructural evolution during subsequent postannealing heat treatment was systematically studied based on the impur...

Volatiles, especially CO, are important gas tracers of protoplanetary disks (PPDs). Freeze-out and sublimation processes determine their division between gas and solid phases, which affects both which disk regions can be traced by which volatiles, and the formation and composition of planets. Recently, multiple lines of evidence have suggested that CO is substantially depleted from the gas in t...

The growth of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) mediated by metal nanoparticles is considered within (i) the surface diffusion growth kinetics model coupled with (ii) a thermal model taking into account heat release of carbon adsorption-desorption on nanotube surface and carbon incorporation into the nanotube wall and (iii) carbon nanotube-inert gas collisional heat exchange. Numerical simul...

The phase equilibrium is considered, the formation of nitride phases during gas nitriding due to presence carbon in iron steel matrix all formed structural-phase states layer, carbides are released, dispersion and which layer depends on nitrogen potential saturating atmosphere. During subsequent oxidation water vapor, simultaneously with a surface oxide film exposure period, especially vapor ad...

Recent studies indicate that PEM fuel cell performance may be strongly influenced by in-plane permeability of the gas diffusion layer (GDL). The urrent study employs a radial flow technique for obtaining in-plane permeability of GDLs, using either gas or liquid as the impregnating fluid. A odel has been developed and experimentally verified to account for compressibility effects when permeabili...

We report on bifurcate reactions on the surface of well-aligned Si(1-x)Ge(x) nanowires that enable fabrication of two different coaxial heterostructure nanowires. The Si(1-x)Ge(x) nanowires were grown in a chemical vapor transport process using SiCl(4) gas and Ge powder as a source. After the growth of nanowires, SiCl(4) flow was terminated while O(2) gas flow was introduced under vacuum. On th...

Gas diffusion in nanoporous carbon includes distinct diffusion modes: surface diffusion on the pore walls and non-surface diffusion away from pore walls. We have performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of Ar diffusion in disordered nanoporous carbon. The main objective of this work is to separate the surface diffusion and non-surface diffusion contributions so as to comprehend their respe...

nanostructures of noble metal materials have been used in organic solar cells for enhancement of performance and light trapping. in this study, we have introduced branched silver cauliflower-like nanopatterns as sub-wavelength structured metal grating in organic solar cells. self-assembled fabrication process of branched nanopatterns was carried out on a bio-template of cicada wing nanonipple a...

A dynamic model for the concentration admittance of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is presented. The takes into account oxygen transport in cathode channel, gas diffusion layer, and catalyst layer. An analytical solution derived. We observe that at air channel outlet not affected by faradaic reactions, it contains information on coefficients cell. measured can be fitted using formula obtained ...