A large number of chemical, bio-chemical and pollution-control processes use heterogeneous fixed-bed reactors. The use of finite hollow cylindrical catalyst pellets can enhance conversion levels in such reactors. The absence of the pellet core can significantly lower the diffusional resistance associated with the solid phase. This leads to a better utilization of the catalytic material, which i...

Glycerol represents an emerging renewable bio-derived feedstock, which could be used as a source for producing hydrogen through steam reforming reaction. In this review, the state-of-the-art about glycerol production processes is reviewed, with particular focus on glycerol reforming reactions and on the main catalysts under development. Furthermore, the use of membrane catalytic reactors instea...

The proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblast differentiation are crucial in wound healing and wound closure. Impaired wound healing is often correlated with chronic bacterial contamination of the wound area. A new promising approach to overcome wound contamination, particularly infection with antibiotic-resistant pathogens, is the topical treatment with non-thermal "cold" atmospheric plas...

Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have caused changes to the Earth’s climate, resulting in catastrophic weather events that are becoming more frequent and intense. Developing carbon-neutral processes for CO2 conversion powered by renewable energy is one way of attaining a circular economy, as waste converted new carbon-containing product, without also being created by-product during proces...

Autotrophic nitrogen removal through sequential partial nitritation and anammox reactions can be achieved in biofilm reactors by controlling the oxygen concentration in the bulk liquid in such a way that nitrite oxidizers are outcompeted by anammox bacteria. In the case of granular sludge reactors, the granule size may influence the optimal range of oxygen concentration, as has been confirmed i...

Among the Next-Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) designs, High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors (HTGRs) are very attractive, due to their inherent safety features, high power conversion efficiency, and potential of providing high-temperature process heat. To perform a thorough study license these types reactors, sufficient information needs be provided about phenomena that occur during accident sc...

In the present study, dry reforming of methane (DRM) has been simulated in fluidized-bed reactors using multiphase particle-in-cell model. The model was meticulously built to investigate effect a wide range superficial gas velocities covering particulate, aggregative, and lean-phase flow regimes on bed hydrodynamics, conversion, yields product gases. Constant values for catalyst loading, CH 4 :...

It is possible that self-induced oscillations appear in reactors, and that their range does not reach the steady state, although such state exists. To prove this, a cascade of tank reactors coupled with mass recycle loop was tested numerically. The above-mentioned phenomenon is characterized by the location of the steady point out of the limit cycle in the phase portrait. This incident may be b...

The use of membrane reactors for enzymatic and co-factor regenerating reactions offers versatile advantages such as higher conversion rates and space-time-yields and is therefore often applied in industry. However, currently available screening and kinetics characterization systems are based on batch and fed-batch operated reactors and were developed for whole cell biotransformations rather tha...

While the influence of trace impurities in noble gas discharges is well established in theoretical work, experimental approaches are difficult. Particularly the effects of trace concentrations of N2 on He discharges are complicated to investigate due to the fact that for He 5.0 the purity of He is only 99.999%. This corresponds to a residual concentration of 10 ppm, thereof 3 ppm of N2, in He. ...