Automated brain MR image segmentation is a challenging pattern recognition problem that received significant attention lately. The most popular solutions involve fuzzy c-means (FCM) or similar clustering mechanisms. Several improvements have been made to the standard FCM algorithm, in order to reduce its sensitivity to Gaussian, impulse, and intensity non-uniformity noises. This paper presents ...

Muscimol is a GABA A-agonist that causes rapid and reversible suppression of neurophysiological activity. Interpretations of the effects of muscimol infusions into the brain have been limited because of uncertainty about spread of the drug around the injection site. To solve this problem, the present study explored the use of a fluorophore-conjugated muscimol molecule (FCM). Whole-cell recordin...

Objective: To identify and compare parental Food Choice Motives (FCM) between healthy weight and overweight/obese children. Methods: The study used an explanatory sequential mixed methods design conducting quantitative survey followed by participant interviews. Forty parents of healthy weight children and 42 parents of overweight/obese children (6-17 years) completed FCM surveys in their homes ...

Transfusion of blood components is potentially associated to the risk of cell-mediated adverse events and current guidelines require a reduction of residual white blood cells (rWBC) below 1 × 10(6) WBC/unit. The reference method to enumerate rare events is the flow cytometry (FCM). The ADAM-rWBC microscopic cell counter has been proposed as an alternative: it measures leukocytes after their sta...

Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM) have found favor in a variety of theoretical and applied contexts that span the hard and soft sciences. Given the utility and flexibility of the method, coupled with the broad appeal of FCM to a variety of scientific disciplines, FCM have been appropriated in many different ways and, depending on the academic discipline in which it has been applied, used to draw a ran...

Fuzzified game tree search algorithm is based on the idea that the exact game tree evaluation is not required to find the best move. Therefore, pruning techniques may be applied earlier resulting in faster search and greater performance. Applied to an abstract domain, it outperforms the existing ones such as Alpha-Beta, PVS, Negascout, NegaC*, SSS*/ Dual* and MTD(f). In this paper we present ex...

Let X be a compact metric space and [Formula: see text] a continuous map. Considering the space [Formula: see text] of all nonempty fuzzy sets on X endowed with the levelwise topology, we proved that its g-fuzzification is turbulent or erratic if the given system f is turbulent or erratic correspondingly and f is [Formula: see text]-expansive if and only if its g-fuzzification is [Formula: see ...

Let X be a compact metric space and let f : X → X be continuous. It is well known that a given discrete dynamical system (X, f) induces a map Φ on the space F(X) of fuzzy sets. In this paper we study relations between sizes of topological entropies of a given crisp dynamical system (X, f) and its fuzzy counterpart (F(X),Φ). Among another things, we present a constructive proof of the fact that ...

Glioblastoma multiforme; Necrotic focus; Vasogenic edema; Bilateral filter; Contrast limited adaptive histogram equilization Abstract This paper does the qualitative comparison of Fuzzy C-means (FCM) and k-Means segmentation, with histogram guided initialization, on tumor edema complex MR images. The accuracy of any segmentation scheme depends on its ability to distinguish different tissue clas...