An Arab horse breeder in the early 13th century carried out the first insemination reported, by trapping stallion semen in wool placed in the vagina of a mare and transferring this to the vagina of another mare (Heape, 1898). Later, in 1780, an Italian priest and physiologist named Lazzaro Spallanzani performed artificial insemination with dog semen, and revolutionised the way scientists though...

Seminal plasma transaminases (GOT and GPT) were assessed in diluted (Tris-egg yolk-citric acid-fructoseglycerol extender 1:4) and thawed (40 0 C for 15 seconds) semen of Sirohi bucks (control group). Diluted, cooled (from 25 0 C up to 5 0 C) and equilibrated (at 5 0 C for 2 hours) semen straws were frozen @ 15, 20, 25 and 30 0 C/minute for M1, M2, M3 and M4 groups respectively. These frozen str...

Artificial insemination (AI) using fresh diluted semen is used worldwide in the porcine industry. Viability of spermatozoa in diluted semen depends on several factors, such as the interaction with the type of extender and storage duration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of extenders and storage time on the motility and ultrastructure of cooled-preserved boar spermatozoa. Seme...

A series of experiments were conducted to determine the suitable freezing and thawing temperatures for the freezing of boar semen in 5 ml maxi-straws. The ultrastructure, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and artificial insemination (AI) of frozen-thawed semen were also be evaluated. The 5 cm freezing height gave the best results not only in post-thaw motility rate (54.00%), but also in normal acros...

An overview of the present status of the use of artificial insemination (AI) in South American camelids and wild equids is offered. Technical aspects of semen collection, dilution and cryopreservation have limited the development and use of AI in camelid and equid species. To-date, efficiency is low but progress has been made and viable offspring have been produced through the use of AI in dome...

Abstract Semen volume is the amount of ejaculate released by male Bali cattle during one ejaculation, which consists spermatozoa and seminal plasma. The purpose this study was to determine effect ejaculation on quality fresh frozen semen. collection carried out using an artificial vaginal method. collected semen then evaluated with microscopic parameters: motility, viability, abnormalities. cam...

the present study investigated the possibility of replacing salamon with modified shotor diluent (msd) and egg yolk (ey) with low density lipoprotein (ldl) for chilled storage of ram semen. good quality semen (>80% progressive forward motility (pfm) of sperm) from 3 fertile rams was collected using an artificial vagina and pooled for each experiment. low density lipoprotein was extracted from f...

the purpose of this study was to evaluate the probable effects of leptin addition in different levels to the semen extender on sperm quality (motility and motility parameters, viability, sperm membrane integrity, and dna damage). semen specimens were evaluated immediately after leptin addition, equilibration time and after thawing the frozen semen. five healthy buffalo bulls (5 ejaculates from ...

Canine seminal plasma contains antioxidant enzymes to protect sperm against internally generated ROS. These enzymes are removed from seminal plasma during the process of cryopreservation. The freezing/thawing process can cause some morphological and functional changes via ice crystallization and osmolality imbalance. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of curcumin supplement...