In plants, low temperature and dehydration activate a set of genes containing C-repeat/dehydration-responsive elements in their promoter. It has been shown previously that the Arabidopsis CBF/DREB1 transcription activators are critical regulators of gene expression in the signal transduction of cold acclimation. Here, we report the isolation of an apparent homolog of the CBF/DREB1 proteins (CBF...

Grapevine flower development and fruit set are influenced by cold nights in the vineyard. To investigate the impact of cold stress on carbon metabolism in the inflorescence, we exposed the inflorescences of fruiting cuttings to chilling and freezing temperatures overnight and measured fluctuations in photosynthesis and sugar content. Whatever the temperature, after the stress treatment photosyn...

Abstract A systematical testing program on frozen Onsøy clay under isotropic loading and undrained shearing at different temperatures (? 3 ~ ? 10 °C), strain rates (0.2~5%/h) initial Terzaghi effective stress (20~400 kPa) was conducted with the focus pore pressure development. It is meant to increase understanding facilitate development of an ‘effective stress’-based model for multi-physical an...

background: cryopreservation of semen requires optimized conditions to minimize the harmful effects of various stresses. the main approach for protection of sperm against stress is based on the use of antioxidants and cryoprotectants, which are described as defensive methods. recently, the application of controlled mild stressors has been described for activation of a temporary response in oocy...

Objective(s): Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), one of the most devastating kinds of anxiety disorders, is the consequence of a traumatic event followed by intense fear. In rats with contextual fear conditioning (CFC), a model of PTSD caused by CFC (electrical foot shock chamber), deep brain stimulation (DBS) alleviates CFC abnormalities.Materials and Methods: Forty Male Wistar rats (220–2...

Nanoparticle formulations have been widely used in the drug delivery field. The majority of published articles dealing with nanoparticle formulations have focused on the use of freshly prepared nanoparticles, but not many deal with scale-up production of nanoparticles and their long-term preservation by freeze-drying. To date, little information is available on an effective freeze-drying proces...

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of frozen storage on physical properties a silicone-based test food material, highly used masticatory performance in research settings. Methods: A total 1,666 silicone cubes Optosil Comfort® with 5.6-mm edges were shaped and stored at -18°C. The subsequently tested for flexural strength (maximum force, displacement, stress, strain) before breaking (n...