BACKGROUND The repeated freeze-thaw events during cold season, freezing of soils in autumn and thawing in spring are typical for the tundra, boreal, and temperate soils. The thawing of soils during winter-summer transitions induces the release of decomposable organic carbon and acceleration of soil respiration. The winter-spring fluxes of CO2 from permanently and seasonally frozen soils are ess...

Soil structure plays a central role in many soil processes that are environmentally relevant. Intermittent freezing of the over winter is an important abiotic disturbance temperate climates and its effects on depend soil’s preexistent structural strength cohesion. Management choices such as tillage plant cover after harvest strongly influence structure, therefore response to freeze-thaw. We exa...

Alkali-activated binders made from various waste products can appreciably reduce the emission of CO2 and enhance recycling efficiency, thus making them viable substitutes to ordinary Portland cement (OPC)-based binders. Waste materials including fly ash (FA), palm oil fuel (POFA), granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) reveal favorable effects when applied alkali-activated mortars (AAMs) that are...

In order to protect the spermatozoa against cold shock, hen egg yolk is widely used as a cryoprotective agent in semen freezing extenders for domestic animals. The protective action of yolk is largely presumed to be due to low density lipoproteins (LDL). The effects of LDL on sperm quality of bull and northern pike (Esox lucius) after freezing-thawing have been reported, but no study has been m...

The Palouse area of the Northwestern Wheat and Range Region suffers high erosion throughout the winter season. The excessive soil loss is a result of a combination of winter precipitation, intermittent freezing and thawing of soils, steep land slopes, and improper management practices. Soil strength is typically decreased by the cyclic freeze and thaw, particularly during the period of thawing....

The present study compared three different methods for measuring plasma vitellogenin (VTG) in fathead minnow (FHM; Pimephales promelas): A procedure using liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization combined with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS), and two commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) kits using either anti-carp or anti-FHM antibodies. The influence on plasma VTG mea...

Understanding the interactions between ground freeze-thaw, groundwater flow, and solute transport is imperative for evaluating fate of contaminants in permafrost regions. However, predicting migration permafrost-affected systems challenging due to inherent coupling subsurface mass energy processes. To this end, we developed a numerical model that considers coupled heat transfer, transport, incl...

freeze-thaw is one of the most powerful weathering agents that may cause a rapid change in the initial engineering properties of stones, and limit their durability. freeze-thaw induces stress over the pores’ surface of stones. consequently, stone durability is closely related to its engineering and physical properties. the purpose of this study is estimating the engineering properties of deteri...

background: an effect of cryopreservation on human sperm is sublethal cryodamage, in which cell viability post-thaw is lost more rapidly at later times than in fresh cells. objective:  this study examined whether the addition of an antioxidant to cryopreservation medium could improve the post-thaw parameters and evaluation of sperm chromatin quality of cryopreserved human spermatozoa from men w...

Mass spectrometry approaches to biomarker discovery in human fluids have received a great deal of attention in recent years. While mass spectrometry instrumentation and analysis approaches have been widely investigated, little attention has been paid to how sample handling can impact the plasma proteome and therefore influence biomarker discovery. We have investigated the effects of two main as...