This paper presents a systematical computational study of the effect of microstructures of materials reinforced with brittle hard particles on their fracture behavior and toughness. Crack growth in particle-reinforced materials (here, in high speed steels) with various artificially designed arrangements of brittle inclusions is simulated using microstructure-based finite element meshes and an e...

carpal fracture-dislocation is regarded as an unusual orthopedic injury and, thus, orthopedic surgeons are less experienced in dealing with and treating these fractures and dislocations. we report a 20-year-old worker man suffering from an unusual carpal fracture-dislocation. there was trans-scaphoid fracture and lunate dislocation with other carpal proximal bones toward volar of the wrist. two...

Foraminifera carbonate exoskeleton was hydrothermally converted to biocompatible and biodegradable zinc-tricalcium phosphate (Zn-TCP) as an alternative biomimetic material for bone fracture repair. Zn-TCP samples implanted in a rat tibial defect model for eight weeks were compared with unfilled defect and beta-tricalcium phosphate showing accelerated bone regeneration compared with the control ...

The primary objective of this work was to analyse the adequacy of the Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) test in determining fracture toughness under pure mode I loading of cortical bone tissue. A new data reduction scheme based on specimen compliance and the crack equivalent concept was used to overcome the difficulties inherent in crack monitoring during its growth. It provides a complete resistanc...

Mineralized tissues, such as bone and tooth dentin, serve as structural materials in the human body and, as such, have evolved to resist fracture. In assessing their quantitative fracture resistance or toughness, it is important to distinguish between intrinsic toughening mechanisms, which function ahead of the crack tip, such as plasticity in metals, and extrinsic mechanisms, which function pr...

Fatigue and fracture mechanisms have been studied in a steel-based metal matrix composite (MMC), comprising a 316L austenitic matrix reinforced with 25 wt% particulate titanium diboride (TiB2). The fracture toughness was determined in the as-HIPped condition as being slightly below 30 MPa√m. Fatigue crack growth rates have been determined, and corrected for the effects of crack closure. The fra...

Relations between fracture toughness and microstructural details have been calculated for ductile materials based on a dilatational plasticity constitutive model that has recently been proposed. The model generalizes the Gurson model to account for both void growth and coalescence with explicit dependence on void shape and distribution effects. Based on a small scale yielding formulation of cra...

Large deformation finite element analysis has been carried out to investigate the stress-strain fields ahead of a growing crack for compact tension (a/W=0.5) and three-point bend (a/W=0.1 and 0.5) specimens under plane stress condition. The crack growth is controlled by the experimental J-integral resistance curves measured by Sun et al. The results indicate that the distributions of opening st...

The evaluation of energy release rate and centre Crack Opening Displacement (COD) for circumferential Through-Wall Cracked (TWC) pipes is an important issue in the assessment of critical crack length for unstable fracture. The ability to predict crack growth continues to be an important component of research for several structural materials. Crack growth predictions can aid the understanding of...