Hypnic headache is a rare condition first described by Raskin in 1988. This headache is not included in the first edition of the International Headache Society classification (IHC 1st Edition). We describe eight new Italian hypnic headache cases and consider our findings in the light of literature data. Our cases do not completely fulfil the diagnostic criteria for the syndrome proposed in 1997...

Asymmetric breast findings are frequently encountered at screening and diagnostic mammography. However, there has been some confusion about the applicable terminology for describing asymmetric breast findings. The fourth edition of the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) has incorporated changes in the lexicon for asymmetric breast findings to addres...

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-fourth edition (WAIS-IV) and the Wechsler Memory Scale-fourth edition (WMS-IV) were co-developed to be used individually or as a combined battery of tests. The independent factor structure of each of the tests has been identified; however, the combined factor structure has yet to be determined. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to the WAIS-IV/WMS-IV ...

IT is welcome to see a fourth edition of this useful textbook for students. The authors are to be congratulated on bringing out a further edition without notably increasing the length of this book, although their efforts to condense their material do lead to some difficulty. For example, on page 92, the 13 lines devoted to the natural history of breast cancer would almost certainly lead the stu...