Many load bearing biological structures (LBBSs)-such as feather rachises and spicules-are small (<1 mm) but not microscopic. Measuring the flexural behavior of these LBBSs is important for understanding the origins of their remarkable mechanical functions. We describe a protocol for performing three-point bending tests using a custom-built mechanical testing device that can measure forces rangi...

This study addresses the effects of varying configurations in board-level 4-point bend testing of BGA packages. The IPC/JEDEC 9702 test method employs 4-point monotonic PCB bending at high strain rates to characterize the PCB strains required to cause board level interconnection failures [1]. While this test is widely used, at present there is little published documentation of the resultant str...

The Acoustic Emission (AE) and Dynamic Identification (DI) techniques were applied simultaneously, in an original way, to examine the stress dependent damage progress in pre-notched concrete beams tested in four-point bending. The damage mechanisms were characterized by analyzing the AE signals registered during the tests, conducted by increasing the specimen’s vertical deflection. In particula...

In this study static and fatigue behaviours of honeycomb sandwich composites, made of aramide fibres and aluminium cores, are investigated through four-point bending tests. Damage and failure modes are reported and discussed. Global and local parameters were considered to evaluate the fatigue life of the analysed sandwich composites. Effects of core densities and the cell orientation (L or W) o...

In this study, the joining of porous aluminum by roll forming was attempted. Two precursors were foamed heat treatment, and softened immediately after foaming roll-formed. It shown that simultaneously formed joined while maintaining structure aluminum. results four-point bending test samples, pores observed at fracture surfaces, indicating strong can be achieved forming. addition, it found opti...