fumigant toxicity of camphor was studied against the aphid aphis craccivora koch and three associated natural enemies, i.e. coccinella undecimpunctata l., aphelinus albipodus hayat & fatima and aphidius colemani viereck. aphis craccivora was the most tolerant one compared with all tested natural enemies as the recorded lc50 values were 12.71, 6.33, 1.16 and 0.48 mg camphor/liter space for t...

Immature stages of the membracid Guayaquila projecta (Funkhouser) (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Membracidae), collected in San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina on Bougainvillea glabra Choisy (Caryophyllales: Nyctaginaceae), are described in detail based on specimens reared in the laboratory. Like other membracids, this species has five nymphal instars, not seven as previously reported. Morphological ch...

The development of the nymphal stages of Acanthagrion viridescens Leonard was examined under laboratory conditions. Based on specimens collected in Minas Gerais state (Brazilian Southeastern Region), we described and illustrated the last-instar nymph and illustrated the egg and other nymphal stages. The nymphs of A. viridescens went through 11 instars, each of them with an average duration of a...

The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), B biotype, presents a unique problem for vegetable growers by serving as a vector of plant viruses and by inducing physiological disorders of leaves and fruit. An action threshold of a single whitefly is necessary because of the threat of disease in many areas and growers rely heavily on a single class of insecticides (neonicotinoids) for wh...

Spider mites are considered as a potential threat to varying agricultural crops across the globe. Among agriculturally important spider mite species, Tetranychus urticae Koch and macfarlanei Baker Pritchard severely affect crop production incur heavy yield loss in agriculture sector. As an ecofriendly pest management strategy, biocontrol using phytoseiid predatory gaining significant attention ...