Africa is estimated to possess somewhere around 7 percent of the world’s proven crude oil reserves, according to the Energy Information Agency. It may have up to 24 billion barrels in total proven and unproven reserves. West Africa is generally viewed by the oil industry as one of the world’s leading deepwater offshore oil zones, with 633 fixed platforms, 13 floaters and 20 storage and offloadi...

Rectal foreign bodies present a difficult diagnostic and management dilemma because of delayed presentation, a variety of objects, and a wide spectrum of injuries. An orderly approach to the diagnosis, management, and post-extraction evaluation of the patient with a rectal foreign body is essential. This article outlines and describes the stepwise evaluation and management of the patient with a...

The effective management of marine fisheries is an ongoing challenge at the intersection of biology, economics, and policy. One way in which fish stocks-and their habitats-can be protected is through the establishment of marine reserves, areas that are closed to fishing. Although the potential economic benefits of such reserves have been shown for single-owner fisheries, their implementation qu...

Reserves (areas closed to extraction) are increasingly being adopted as a management tool. Two primary arguments are used for their implementation. The first is a biological argument that biodiversity can prosper inside the reserve. The second is that by ceasing harvest inside a reserve we may generate such a large production of individuals, that “spillover” into the harvested region will actua...

Over the past 35 years, China has achieved extraordinary economic performance thanks to the market-oriented reforms and opening-up. By the end of 2012, China became the second largest economy by GDP size (nominal and PPP terms) just after the United States; The GDP per capita also reached to $6075 in 2012, up from $205 in 1980; Regarding the openness, as the largest exporter and second largest ...

Introduction: Ingestion of a foreign body is a common problem among all age groups. Most of the foreign bodies in the pharynx are usually lodged at the level of cricopharynx. The diagnosis is based on history, clinical, and radiological examination. Most foreign-body ingestions are accidental, but there may be contributory factors such as mental disorder, alcoholism, and prison incarceration. T...